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A synthesis of activity towards the implementation of sustainable tourism: ecotourism in a different context

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  • Jackie Clarke

Abstract

Not all sustainable tourism is ecotourism. Indeed, this paper argues that no form of tourism has achieved sustainability, and that sustainability is a goal that all tourism should strive towards. Tourism is a very fragmented industry, incorporating large organisations and small and medium-sized enterprises, and it is this diversity, alongside the diversity of stakeholder interest, that has given rise to a wide range of different types of sustainable tourism initiative. The split between large- and small-scale forms of tourism has also resulted in separate interpretations of the meaning of sustainable development for tourism; this paper is arguably skewed towards the large-scale translation. The paper seeks to position ecotourism within the overall context of activity construed as implementing the current knowledge of sustainable tourism. Major types of initiative found in the tourism industry today include codes of conduct, ecolabels, environmental management systems, environmental award schemes and the search for environmental indicators. Issues worthy of debate include the merits of self-regulation versus legislation, the creation of partnerships across the private and public sectors, and the role of marketing in implementing sustainability. Ecotourism is placed in the context of this overview of activity towards sustainable tourism development, and the paper synthesises the evidence into a "wheel of action" that serves to structure the argument.

Suggested Citation

  • Jackie Clarke, 2002. "A synthesis of activity towards the implementation of sustainable tourism: ecotourism in a different context," International Journal of Sustainable Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 5(3), pages 232-250.
    • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijsusd:v:5:y:2002:i:3:p:232-250
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Olimpia Iuliana BAN, & Paul IACOBAÅž, & Alexandru Mircea NEDELEA, 2016. "Marketing Research Regarding Tourism Business Readiness For Eco-Label Achievement (Case Study: Natura 2000 Criåžul Repede Gorge-Pä‚Durea Craiului Pass Site, Romania)," EcoForum, "Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, Romania, Faculty of Economics and Public Administration - Economy, Business Administration and Tourism Department., vol. 5(1), pages 1-27, January.
    2. Eneko Ibarnia & Lluís Garay & Antonio Guevara, 2020. "Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the Travel Supply Chain: A Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-21, December.
    3. I Gusti Ayu Oka Suryawardani & Agung Suryawan Wiranatha & Christine Petr, 2014. "Destination Marketing Strategy in Bali Through Optimizing the Potential of Local Products," Post-Print hal-04210603, HAL.
    4. Kamel Bouadam, 2011. "The national strategy of tourism development in Algeria: issues, opportunities and limitations," Review of Applied Socio-Economic Research, Pro Global Science Association, vol. 1(2), pages 23-37, December.
    5. Geraldine Froger, 2010. "La mesure des effets des formes de tourisme responsable dans différents territoires," Working Papers hal-00845223, HAL.
    6. Olimpia Iuliana BAN & Paul IACOBAÅž & Alexandru Mircea NEDELEA, 2015. "Marketing Research Regarding Tourism Business Readiness For Eco-Label Achievement. Case Study: Natura 2000 Criåžul Repede Gorge-Pä‚Durea Craiului Pass Site, Romania," Revista de turism - studii si cercetari in turism / Journal of tourism - studies and research in tourism, "Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, Romania, Faculty of Economics and Public Administration - Economy, Business Administration and Tourism Department., vol. 20(20), pages 1-3, December.
    7. Teodoro Luque-Martínez & Nina Faraoni & Luis Doña-Toledo, 2019. "Auditing the Marketing and Social Media Communication of Natural Protected Areas. How Marketing Can Contribute to the Sustainability of Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-23, July.

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