IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ibn/masjnl/v8y2014i2p78.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Kinetic Modeling of Nitration of Glycerol

Author

Listed:
  • Erna Astuti
  • Supranto Supranto
  • Rochmadi Rochmadi
  • Agus Prasetya
  • Krister Strom
  • Bengt Andersson

Abstract

Glycerol can be synthesized to make 1,3-dinitroglycerin as an intermediate product to produce polyglycidyl nitrate. This study performed kinetic modeling of nitration used elementary reactions that consisting of seven reversible reactions. The aim of this present work is to find out the representing reaction of seven reactions tested. The concept work is to study the reaction rates and its relation to the position of the nitrated hydroxyl group in the molecule. Nitration of glycerol to 1,3-dinitroglycerin was studied in the temperature range 10-30 °C, the molar ratio of nitric acid to glycerol 1/1 to 7/1 and nitric acid concentration of 69%. The seven reaction terms represent the reactions that occurred in the nitration of glycerol. The position of hydroxyl group in molecule causes difference reaction rate. The primary hydroxyl group is more reactive than secondary hydroxyl group. The parameter values describe that the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th reaction rates are very fast. On the contrary, the 2nd, 4th and 6th reaction rates are slow.

Suggested Citation

  • Erna Astuti & Supranto Supranto & Rochmadi Rochmadi & Agus Prasetya & Krister Strom & Bengt Andersson, 2014. "Kinetic Modeling of Nitration of Glycerol," Modern Applied Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 8(2), pages 1-78, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:ibn:masjnl:v:8:y:2014:i:2:p:78
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/mas/article/download/30890/19923
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/mas/article/view/30890
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ayoub, Muhammad & Abdullah, Ahmad Zuhairi, 2012. "Critical review on the current scenario and significance of crude glycerol resulting from biodiesel industry towards more sustainable renewable energy industry," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 2671-2686.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dey, Subhashish & Sreenivasulu, Anduri & Veerendra, G.T.N. & Rao, K. Venkateswara & Babu, P.S.S. Anjaneya, 2022. "Renewable energy present status and future potentials in India: An overview," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 1(1).
    2. Da Seul Kong & Eun Joo Park & Sakuntala Mutyala & Minsoo Kim & Yunchul Cho & Sang Eun Oh & Changman Kim & Jung Rae Kim, 2021. "Bioconversion of Crude Glycerol into 1,3-Propanediol(1,3-PDO) with Bioelectrochemical System and Zero-Valent Iron Using Klebsiella pneumoniae L17," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-10, October.
    3. Okey Francis Obi & Ralf Pecenka & Michael J. Clifford, 2022. "A Review of Biomass Briquette Binders and Quality Parameters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, March.
    4. Severo, Ihana Aguiar & Siqueira, Stefania Fortes & Deprá, Mariany Costa & Maroneze, Mariana Manzoni & Zepka, Leila Queiroz & Jacob-Lopes, Eduardo, 2019. "Biodiesel facilities: What can we address to make biorefineries commercially competitive?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 686-705.
    5. He, Quan (Sophia) & McNutt, Josiah & Yang, Jie, 2017. "Utilization of the residual glycerol from biodiesel production for renewable energy generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 63-76.
    6. Okoye, P.U. & Hameed, B.H., 2016. "Review on recent progress in catalytic carboxylation and acetylation of glycerol as a byproduct of biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 558-574.
    7. Kong, Pei San & Aroua, Mohamed Kheireddine & Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan, 2016. "Conversion of crude and pure glycerol into derivatives: A feasibility evaluation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 533-555.
    8. Silva, Wellington Costa & Castro, Maria Priscila Pessanha & Perez, Victor Haber & Machado, Francisco A. & Mota, Leonardo & Sthel, Marcelo Silva, 2016. "Thermal degradation of ethanolic biodiesel: Physicochemical and thermal properties evaluation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 1093-1099.
    9. Jan Sprafke & Vicky Shettigondahalli Ekanthalu & Michael Nelles, 2020. "Continuous Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Biowaste with Crude Glycerol under Mesophilic Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-14, November.
    10. Anuar, Mohd Razealy & Abdullah, Ahmad Zuhairi, 2016. "Challenges in biodiesel industry with regards to feedstock, environmental, social and sustainability issues: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 208-223.
    11. Rafael Estevez & Laura Aguado-Deblas & Diego Luna & Felipa M. Bautista, 2019. "An Overview of the Production of Oxygenated Fuel Additives by Glycerol Etherification, Either with Isobutene or tert -Butyl Alcohol, over Heterogeneous Catalysts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-20, June.
    12. Lee, C.S. & Aroua, M.K. & Daud, W.M.A.W. & Cognet, P. & Pérès-Lucchese, Y. & Fabre, P-L & Reynes, O. & Latapie, L., 2015. "A review: Conversion of bioglycerol into 1,3-propanediol via biological and chemical method," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 963-972.
    13. Pachapur, Vinayak Laxman & Sarma, Saurabh Jyoti & Brar, Satinder Kaur & Le Bihan, Yann & Buelna, Gerardo & Verma, Mausam, 2016. "Surfactant mediated enhanced glycerol uptake and hydrogen production from biodiesel waste using co-culture of Enterobacter aerogenes and Clostridium butyricum," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 542-551.
    14. Abdul Ghani, Ahmad & Torabi, Farshid & Ibrahim, Hussameldin, 2018. "Autothermal reforming process for efficient hydrogen production from crude glycerol using nickel supported catalyst: Parametric and statistical analyses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 129-145.
    15. K. A. Viraj Miyuranga & Udara S. P. R. Arachchige & Randika A. Jayasinghe & Gamunu Samarakoon, 2022. "Purification of Residual Glycerol from Biodiesel Production as a Value-Added Raw Material for Glycerolysis of Free Fatty Acids in Waste Cooking Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-20, November.
    16. Hunsom, Mali & Saila, Payia, 2015. "Electrochemical conversion of enriched crude glycerol: Effect of operating parameters," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 227-236.
    17. Alizadeh, Reza & Lund, Peter D. & Soltanisehat, Leili, 2020. "Outlook on biofuels in future studies: A systematic literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    18. Hejna, Aleksander & Kosmela, Paulina & Formela, Krzysztof & Piszczyk, Łukasz & Haponiuk, Józef T., 2016. "Potential applications of crude glycerol in polymer technology–Current state and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 449-475.
    19. Alhassan, Y. & Pali, H.S. & Kumar, N. & Bugaje, I.M., 2017. "Co-liquefaction of whole Jatropha curcas seed and glycerol using deep eutectic solvents as catalysts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 48-59.
    20. Živković, Snežana B. & Veljković, Milan V. & Banković-Ilić, Ivana B. & Krstić, Ivan M. & Konstantinović, Sandra S. & Ilić, Slavica B. & Avramović, Jelena M. & Stamenković, Olivera S. & Veljković, Vlad, 2017. "Technological, technical, economic, environmental, social, human health risk, toxicological and policy considerations of biodiesel production and use," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 222-247.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ibn:masjnl:v:8:y:2014:i:2:p:78. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Canadian Center of Science and Education (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cepflch.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.