IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ibn/ijefaa/v8y2016i3p236-243.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Estimation and Comparative of Dynamic Optimal Hedge Ratios of China Gold Futures Based on ECM-GARCH

Author

Listed:
  • Pujiang Chen
  • Zirong Zhuo
  • Jixiang Liu

Abstract

In order to avoid the risk of fluctuations in prices, commodity production operators develop future hedge, in which the evaluation of optimal hedge ratios are the core question. On the other hand, since gold plays an increasingly important role in Chinese economic activities, gold hedge becomes a hot topic. We employ gold future prices and spot gold prices in China market in which the time period covered was from January 2014 to June 2015 and calculate the optimal hedge ratios using different static and dynamic models. The static hedge model mainly use Ordinary Least Squares Regression (OLS), Error Correction Model (ECM) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) model. In addition, the dynamic hedge model mainly use bivariate GARCH model (BGARCH model). The results show that the efficiency of hedge of ECM-GARCH model is the best over the sample period.

Suggested Citation

  • Pujiang Chen & Zirong Zhuo & Jixiang Liu, 2016. "Estimation and Comparative of Dynamic Optimal Hedge Ratios of China Gold Futures Based on ECM-GARCH," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 8(3), pages 236-243, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:ibn:ijefaa:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:236-243
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijef/article/view/55555/30799
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijef/article/view/55555
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Leland L. Johnson, 1960. "The Theory of Hedging and Speculation in Commodity Futures," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 27(3), pages 139-151.
    2. Kroner, Kenneth F. & Sultan, Jahangir, 1993. "Time-Varying Distributions and Dynamic Hedging with Foreign Currency Futures," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 28(4), pages 535-551, December.
    3. Hsiang-Tai Lee & Jonathan Yoder, 2007. "A bivariate Markov regime switching GARCH approach to estimate time varying minimum variance hedge ratios," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(10), pages 1253-1265.
    4. Ederington, Louis H, 1979. "The Hedging Performance of the New Futures Markets," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 34(1), pages 157-170, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Alexander, Carol & Prokopczuk, Marcel & Sumawong, Anannit, 2013. "The (de)merits of minimum-variance hedging: Application to the crack spread," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 698-707.
    2. Dinica, Mihai Cristian & Armeanu, Daniel, 2014. "The Optimal Hedging Ratio for Non-Ferrous Metals," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(1), pages 105-122, March.
    3. Gurmeet Singh, 2017. "Estimating Optimal Hedge Ratio and Hedging Effectiveness in the NSE Index Futures," Jindal Journal of Business Research, , vol. 6(2), pages 108-131, December.
    4. Su, EnDer, 2017. "Stock index hedging using a trend and volatility regime-switching model involving hedging cost," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 233-254.
    5. Hongfeng Peng & Xiaoyu Tan & Yi Chen, 2016. "Discretion of Dynamic Position Adjustment in Hedging Strategy," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(2), pages 86-101, June.
    6. Fu, Junhui, 2014. "Multi-objective hedging model with the third central moment and the capital budget," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 213-219.
    7. Zhipeng, Yan & Shenghong, Li, 2018. "Hedge ratio on Markov regime-switching diagonal Bekk–Garch model," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 49-55.
    8. Su, EnDer, 2013. "Stock index hedge using trend and volatility regime switch model considering hedging cost," MPRA Paper 49190, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Billio, Monica & Casarin, Roberto & Osuntuyi, Anthony, 2018. "Markov switching GARCH models for Bayesian hedging on energy futures markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 545-562.
    10. Stavros Degiannakis & Christos Floros, 2010. "Hedge Ratios in South African Stock Index Futures," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 9(3), pages 285-304, December.
    11. Olson, Eric & Vivian, Andrew & Wohar, Mark E., 2019. "What is a better cross-hedge for energy: Equities or other commodities?," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 42(C).
    12. Martínez, Beatriz & Torró, Hipòlit, 2015. "European natural gas seasonal effects on futures hedging," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 154-168.
    13. Bessler, Wolfgang & Leonhardt, Alexander & Wolff, Dominik, 2016. "Analyzing hedging strategies for fixed income portfolios: A Bayesian approach for model selection," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 239-256.
    14. Vadhindran K. Rao, 2011. "Multiperiod Hedging using Futures: Mean Reversion and the Optimal Hedging Path," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 4(1), pages 1-29, December.
    15. Chang, Chia-Lin & González-Serrano, Lydia & Jimenez-Martin, Juan-Angel, 2013. "Currency hedging strategies using dynamic multivariate GARCH," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 164-182.
    16. Rozaimah Zainudin & Roselee Shah Shaharudin, 2011. "Multi Mean Garch Approach to Evaluating Hedging Performance in the Crude Palm Oil Futures Market," Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance (AAMJAF), Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, vol. 7(1), pages 111-130.
    17. John Hua Fan & Eduardo Roca & Alexandr Akimov, 2014. "Estimation and performance evaluation of optimal hedge ratios in the carbon market of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 39(1), pages 73-91, February.
    18. Vollmer, Teresa & von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan, 2020. "The Optimal Wheat Futures Hedge at the Euronext Paris from a Farmer’s Perspective," German Journal of Agricultural Economics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department for Agricultural Economics, vol. 69(1), March.
    19. Lin, Xiaoqiang & Chen, Qiang & Tang, Zhenpeng, 2014. "Dynamic hedging strategy in incomplete market: Evidence from Shanghai fuel oil futures market," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 81-90.
    20. Lim, Siew Hoon & Turner, Peter A., 2016. "Airline Fuel Hedging: Do Hedge Horizon and Contract Maturity Matter?," Journal of the Transportation Research Forum, Transportation Research Forum, vol. 55(1), April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    gold; hedge ratios; ECM-BGARCH; dynamic model; China;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ibn:ijefaa:v:8:y:2016:i:3:p:236-243. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Canadian Center of Science and Education (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cepflch.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.