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Economic Empowerment of Malaysian Women through Entrepreneurship: Barriers and Enablers

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  • Tanusia Arumugam
  • G. Marthandan
  • Indra Devi Subramaniam

Abstract

The main aim of this study is to identify the barriers and enablers to Malaysian women’s entrepreneurship. A mixed method was used in this study. A qualitative approach using Delphi technique was used to obtain consensus on the barriers and enablers. This was incorporated into a questionnaire which was used in the survey of women entrepreneurs to obtain quantitative data on the barriers and enablers to women’s entrepreneurship. The respondents were 130 participants of a seminar for women entrepreneurs conducted by the Women’s Development Department of the Ministry of Women, Family and Community. The study found that the three top barriers were the lack of KSAOs followed by restrictive legalities, regulations and procedures and lack of business support and network. Personality and self-efficacy emerged as the most important enabler followed by support for businesses from government and women focused initiatives from government and NGOs.

Suggested Citation

  • Tanusia Arumugam & G. Marthandan & Indra Devi Subramaniam, 2016. "Economic Empowerment of Malaysian Women through Entrepreneurship: Barriers and Enablers," Asian Social Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(6), pages 1-81, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:ibn:assjnl:v:12:y:2016:i:6:p:81
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ngo, Thi Minh-Phuong & Wahhaj, Zaki, 2012. "Microfinance and gender empowerment," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(1), pages 1-12.
    2. Fridah Muriungi Mwobobia, 2012. "The Challenges Facing Small-Scale Women Entrepreneurs: A Case of Kenya," International Journal of Business Administration, International Journal of Business Administration, Sciedu Press, vol. 3(2), pages 112-121, March.
    3. Garry D. Bruton & David Ahlstrom & Han–Lin Li, 2010. "Institutional Theory and Entrepreneurship: Where Are We Now and Where Do We Need to Move in the Future?," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 34(3), pages 421-440, May.
    4. Welsh, Dianne H.B. & Memili, Esra & Kaciak, Eugene & Al Sadoon, Aliyah, 2014. "Saudi women entrepreneurs: A growing economic segment," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(5), pages 758-762.
    5. Siri Roland Xavier & Syed Zamberi Ahmad & Suganthi Perumal & Leilanie Mohd Nor & Jagadesan Chandra Mohan, 2011. "The Transition from Corporate Careers to Business Ownership: The Case for Women Entrepreneurs in Malaysia," International Journal of Business Administration, International Journal of Business Administration, Sciedu Press, vol. 2(3), pages 148-159, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sonja Franzke & Jie Wu & Fabian Jintae Froese & Zi Xuan Chan, 2022. "Female entrepreneurship in Asia: a critical review and future directions," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(3), pages 343-372, July.
    2. Abdul Basit & Zubair Hassan & Sharmila Sethumadhavan, 2021. "Entrepreneurial Success: Key Challenges Faced by Malaysian Women Entrepreneurs in 21st Century," International Journal of Business and Management, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 15(9), pages 122-122, July.

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    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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