IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v17y2025i4p1654-d1592889.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal Integration of New Technologies and Energy Sources into Radial Distribution Systems Using Fuzzy African Vulture Algorithm

Author

Listed:
  • Sumeet Sahay

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India)

  • Saubhagya Ranjan Biswal

    (Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India)

  • Gauri Shankar

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India)

  • Amitkumar V. Jha

    (School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Deepak Kumar Gupta

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Sarita Samal

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Alin-Gheorghita Mazare

    (Faculty of Electronics, Communication and Computers, Pitești University Centre, The National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 110040 Pitesti, Romania)

  • Nicu Bizon

    (Faculty of Electronics, Communication and Computers, Pitești University Centre, The National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 110040 Pitesti, Romania)

Abstract

In the contemporary global context, excessive fossil fuel consumption remains a critical issue, particularly within the transportation sector. Electric vehicles offer a promising alternative due to their durability and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. However, their rapid adoption has introduced significant challenges, including increased network power losses, deteriorating voltage profiles, and declining substation power factors. This study proposes an approach that integrates fuzzy objective optimization with African Vulture Optimization (AVO) to determine the optimal sitting and sizing of distributed generations (DG), shunt capacitors (SC), and electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) within radial distribution systems (RDS). The proposed methodology is evaluated on the standard IEEE-69 bus RDS. A detailed comparative analysis between the proposed simultaneous optimization approach for DGs, SCs, and EVCSs and with the traditional two-staged method is presented. The findings indicate that the proposed strategy not only matches but surpasses the performance of existing strategies for the reduction of power losses and enhancement of bus voltage profiles. Key findings include a significant reduction in active and reactive power line loss, with losses minimized by 85.90% and 82.15%, respectively. In addition, an improvement in the minimum bus voltage to 0.98 p.u. is also achieved. Thereafter, the proposed issue is solved in different loading scenarios to present the effectiveness of the approach under different operating conditions. This research effectively demonstrates the complexities introduced by EVCS integration and addresses the issue with simultaneous optimal sitting and sizing of DGs, SCs, and EVCSs that significantly enhance the sustainability and efficiency of RDS.

Suggested Citation

  • Sumeet Sahay & Saubhagya Ranjan Biswal & Gauri Shankar & Amitkumar V. Jha & Deepak Kumar Gupta & Sarita Samal & Alin-Gheorghita Mazare & Nicu Bizon, 2025. "Optimal Integration of New Technologies and Energy Sources into Radial Distribution Systems Using Fuzzy African Vulture Algorithm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-25, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:4:p:1654-:d:1592889
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/4/1654/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/4/1654/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rastgou, Abdollah & Moshtagh, Jamal & Bahramara, Salah, 2018. "Improved harmony search algorithm for electrical distribution network expansion planning in the presence of distributed generators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 178-202.
    2. Luo, Lizi & Gu, Wei & Wu, Zhi & Zhou, Suyang, 2019. "Joint planning of distributed generation and electric vehicle charging stations considering real-time charging navigation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 1274-1284.
    3. Zohaib Hussain Leghari & Mahesh Kumar & Pervez Hameed Shaikh & Laveet Kumar & Quynh T. Tran, 2022. "A Critical Review of Optimization Strategies for Simultaneous Integration of Distributed Generation and Capacitor Banks in Power Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-40, November.
    4. Tanwar, Surender Singh & Khatod, D.K., 2017. "Techno-economic and environmental approach for optimal placement and sizing of renewable DGs in distribution system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 52-67.
    5. Guindi, Marina & Kamel, Rashad M., 2024. "Optimal location and sizing of renewable distributed generations and electric vehicle charging stations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    6. Awasthi, Abhishek & Venkitusamy, Karthikeyan & Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar & Selvamuthukumaran, Rajasekar & Blaabjerg, Frede & Singh, Asheesh K., 2017. "Optimal planning of electric vehicle charging station at the distribution system using hybrid optimization algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 70-78.
    7. Khaled Fettah & Talal Guia & Ahmed Salhi & Souhil Mouassa & Alessandro Bosisio & Rouzbeh Shirvani, 2024. "Optimal Allocation of Capacitor Banks and Distributed Generation: A Comparison of Recently Developed Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques on the Real Distribution Networks of ALG-AB-Hassi Sida, Alger," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-23, May.
    8. Abdullah Aljumah & Ahmed Darwish & Denes Csala & Peter Twigg, 2024. "A Review on the Allocation of Sustainable Distributed Generators with Electric Vehicle Charging Stations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-17, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yifeng Liu & Meng Chen & Pingfan Wang & Yingxiang Wang & Feng Li & Hui Hou, 2025. "A Review of Carbon Reduction Pathways and Policy–Market Mechanisms in Integrated Energy Systems in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-25, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Harasis, Salman & Khan, Irfan & Massoud, Ahmed, 2024. "Enabling large-scale integration of electric bus fleets in harsh environments: Possibilities, potentials, and challenges," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    2. Zhang, Yue & Zhang, Qi & Farnoosh, Arash & Chen, Siyuan & Li, Yan, 2019. "GIS-Based Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization of charging stations for electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 844-853.
    3. Morro-Mello, Igoor & Padilha-Feltrin, Antonio & Melo, Joel D. & Heymann, Fabian, 2021. "Spatial connection cost minimization of EV fast charging stations in electric distribution networks using local search and graph theory," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    4. Ceran, Bartosz, 2019. "The concept of use of PV/WT/FC hybrid power generation system for smoothing the energy profile of the consumer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 853-865.
    5. Raja S, Charles & Kumar N M, Vijaya & J, Senthil kumar & Nesamalar J, Jeslin Drusila, 2021. "Enhancing system reliability by optimally integrating PHEV charging station and renewable distributed generators: A Bi-Level programming approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    6. Bryam Paúl Lojano-Riera & Carlos Flores-Vázquez & Juan-Carlos Cobos-Torres & David Vallejo-Ramírez & Daniel Icaza, 2023. "Electromobility with Photovoltaic Generation in an Andean City," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-16, July.
    7. Xie, Shiwei & Hu, Zhijian & Wang, Jueying & Chen, Yuwei, 2020. "The optimal planning of smart multi-energy systems incorporating transportation, natural gas and active distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    8. Chen Liang & Chang Chen & Weizhou Wang & Xiping Ma & Yuying Li & Tong Jiang, 2022. "Line Loss Interval Algorithm for Distribution Network with DG Based on Linear Optimization under Abnormal or Missing Measurement Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-16, June.
    9. Zhou, Guangyou & Zhu, Zhiwei & Luo, Sumei, 2022. "Location optimization of electric vehicle charging stations: Based on cost model and genetic algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    10. Feifeng Zheng & Zhaojie Wang & Ming Liu, 2022. "Overnight charging scheduling of battery electric buses with uncertain charging time," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 22(5), pages 4865-4903, November.
    11. G., Varathan & J., Belwin Edward, 2024. "A review of uncertainty management approaches for active distribution system planning," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    12. Zhi Wu & Yuxuan Zhuang & Suyang Zhou & Shuning Xu & Peng Yu & Jinqiao Du & Xiner Luo & Ghulam Abbas, 2020. "Bi-Level Planning of Multi-Functional Vehicle Charging Stations Considering Land Use Types," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-17, March.
    13. Zou, Wenke & Sun, Yongjun & Gao, Dian-ce & Zhang, Xu & Liu, Junyao, 2023. "A review on integration of surging plug-in electric vehicles charging in energy-flexible buildings: Impacts analysis, collaborative management technologies, and future perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    14. Jun Bi & Yongxing Wang & Shuai Sun & Wei Guan, 2018. "Predicting Charging Time of Battery Electric Vehicles Based on Regression and Time-Series Methods: A Case Study of Beijing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-18, April.
    15. Ferro, G. & Minciardi, R. & Robba, M., 2020. "A user equilibrium model for electric vehicles: Joint traffic and energy demand assignment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    16. Li, Rui & Wang, Wei & Wu, Xuezhi & Tang, Fen & Chen, Zhe, 2019. "Cooperative planning model of renewable energy sources and energy storage units in active distribution systems: A bi-level model and Pareto analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 30-42.
    17. Hu, Yusha & Li, Jigeng & Hong, Mengna & Ren, Jingzheng & Lin, Ruojue & Liu, Yue & Liu, Mengru & Man, Yi, 2019. "Short term electric load forecasting model and its verification for process industrial enterprises based on hybrid GA-PSO-BPNN algorithm—A case study of papermaking process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 1215-1227.
    18. Feng, Li & Liu, Jiajun & Lu, Haitao & Liu, Bingzhi & Chen, Yuning & Wu, Shenyu, 2022. "Robust operation of distribution network based on photovoltaic/wind energy resources in condition of COVID-19 pandemic considering deterministic and probabilistic approaches," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    19. Bansal, Prateek & Kumar, Rajeev Ranjan & Raj, Alok & Dubey, Subodh & Graham, Daniel J., 2021. "Willingness to pay and attitudinal preferences of Indian consumers for electric vehicles," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    20. Lin, Haiyang & Bian, Caiyun & Wang, Yu & Li, Hailong & Sun, Qie & Wallin, Fredrik, 2022. "Optimal planning of intra-city public charging stations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:4:p:1654-:d:1592889. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.