IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v17y2025i1p358-d1560905.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Carbon Reduction Mechanism and Adaptive Planning Strategies of TOD Block Form Regulation Oriented to Microclimate Effects

Author

Listed:
  • Peng Dai

    (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao 266590, China)

  • Haotian Liu

    (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao 266590, China)

  • Song Han

    (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao 266590, China)

  • Chuanyan Liu

    (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao 266590, China)

  • Guannan Fu

    (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao 266590, China)

  • Yanjun Wang

    (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao 266590, China)

Abstract

Adapting to climate change and controlling carbon emissions have emerged as significant challenges faced by the international community. The high-quality pedestrian space system of TOD blocks, as an important means for carbon reduction and carbon sink increase in cities, showcases the effect of green intensification and low-carbon sustainable urban space development. In this study, by combining the research on low-carbon block creation and urban microclimate, focusing on the technical process of the three stages of pre-treatment, core calculation, and post-treatment, comprehensively considering the three elements of microclimate, namely wind, heat, and carbon, and their influencing parameters, and introducing a CFD simulation method for porous media, a CFD simulation technology framework for microclimate improvement in urban design is constructed. Through the spatial visualization of the software solution calculation results and the correlation and comparative analysis of the measured data, we quantitatively analyze the coupling relationship between the block morphology and the comprehensive environment of wind, heat, and carbon. The research results indicate that by rationally adjusting indicator elements such as the height-to-width ratio of streets and entrance forms, it is possible to effectively facilitate cooling, ventilation, and air circulation within blocks and dilute the CO 2 concentration. Finally, from the urban design element systems at the micro, meso, and macro levels, the adaptive planning strategies in the three dimensions of the spatial form, constituent elements, and planning guidelines of TOD blocks are summarized and refined, with the aim of achieving the low-carbon transformation of cities through the creation of a healthy microclimate environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Peng Dai & Haotian Liu & Song Han & Chuanyan Liu & Guannan Fu & Yanjun Wang, 2025. "The Carbon Reduction Mechanism and Adaptive Planning Strategies of TOD Block Form Regulation Oriented to Microclimate Effects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:1:p:358-:d:1560905
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/1/358/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/1/358/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maria Alejandra Del Rio & Takashi Asawa & Yukari Hirayama, 2020. "Modeling and Validation of the Cool Summer Microclimate Formed by Passive Cooling Elements in a Semi-Outdoor Building Space," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-22, July.
    2. William P. Anderson & Pavlos S. Kanaroglou & Eric J. Miller, 1996. "Urban Form, Energy and the Environment: A Review of Issues, Evidence and Policy," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 33(1), pages 7-35, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Marcus Adolphson, 2010. "Kernel Densities and Mixed Functionality in a Multicentred Urban Region," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 37(3), pages 550-566, June.
    2. Changchun Feng & Hao Zhang & Liang Xiao & Yongpei Guo, 2022. "Land Use Change and Its Driving Factors in the Rural–Urban Fringe of Beijing: A Production–Living–Ecological Perspective," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-18, February.
    3. Li, Ruibin & Zhao, Yi & Chang, Min & Zeng, Fanxing & Wu, Yan & Wang, Liangzhu (Leon) & Niu, Jianlei & Shi, Xing & Gao, Naiping, 2024. "Numerical simulation methods of tree effects on microclimate: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    4. Banister, David, 2011. "Cities, mobility and climate change," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 19(6), pages 1538-1546.
    5. Michiel Fremouw & Annamaria Bagaini & Paolo De Pascali, 2020. "Energy Potential Mapping: Open Data in Support of Urban Transition Planning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-15, March.
    6. Juliane Große & Christian Fertner & Niels Boje Groth, 2016. "Urban Structure, Energy and Planning: Findings from Three Cities in Sweden, Finland and Estonia," Urban Planning, Cogitatio Press, vol. 1(1), pages 24-40.
    7. Kang-Rae Ma & David Banister, 2007. "Urban Spatial Change and Excess Commuting," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 39(3), pages 630-646, March.
    8. Wang, Yiyang & Rigolon, Alessandro & Park, Keunhyun, 2024. "Transit to parks initiatives in the U.S. and Canada: Practitioners’ perspectives," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 84-95.
    9. Diana Saadi & Emanuel Tirosh & Izhak Schnell, 2021. "The Relationship between City Size and Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentration and Their Effect on Heart Rate Variability (HRV)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-13, January.
    10. Andrea CIRILLI & Paolo VENERI, 2010. "Spatial Structure and CO2 Emissions Due to Commuting: an Analysis on Italian Urban Areas," Working Papers 353, Universita' Politecnica delle Marche (I), Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali.
    11. Cameron, I. & Lyons, T. J. & Kenworthy, J. R., 2004. "Trends in vehicle kilometres of travel in world cities, 1960-1990: underlying drivers and policy responses," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 287-298, July.
    12. Davide Burgalassi & Tommaso Luzzati, 2015. "Urban spatial structure and environmental emissions: a survey of the literature and some empirical evidence for Italian NUTS-3 regions," Discussion Papers 2015/199, Dipartimento di Economia e Management (DEM), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
    13. Duncan, Michael & Christensen, Robert K., 2013. "An analysis of park-and-ride provision at light rail stations across the US," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 148-157.
    14. Lara Engelfriet & Eric Koomen, 2018. "The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(5), pages 1269-1295, September.
    15. Saeed Ghavidelfar & Asaad Y. Shamseldin & Bruce W. Melville, 2017. "Future implications of urban intensification on residential water demand," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(10), pages 1809-1824, October.
    16. Fertner Christian & Große Juliane, 2016. "Compact and Resource Efficient Cities? Synergies and Trade-offs in European Cities," European Spatial Research and Policy, Sciendo, vol. 23(1), pages 65-79, June.
    17. Philipp Rode & Alexandra Gomes & Muhammad Adeel & Fizzah Sajjad & Andreas Koch & Syed Monjur Murshed, 2020. "Between Abundance and Constraints: The Natural Resource Equation of Asia’s Diverging, Higher-Income City Models," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-33, October.
    18. Frans M. Dieleman & Martin Dijst & Guillaume Burghouwt, 2002. "Urban Form and Travel Behaviour: Micro-level Household Attributes and Residential Context," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 39(3), pages 507-527, March.
    19. Clune, Stephen & Morrissey, John & Moore, Trivess, 2012. "Size matters: House size and thermal efficiency as policy strategies to reduce net emissions of new developments," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 657-667.
    20. Igor Vojnovic, 2000. "Shaping Metropolitan Toronto: A Study of Linear Infrastructure Subsidies, 1954–66," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 27(2), pages 197-230, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:1:p:358-:d:1560905. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.