IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v16y2024i2p747-d1319567.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Microscale Investigation of Urban Heat Island (UHI) in Annaba City: Unveiling Factors and Mitigation Strategies

Author

Listed:
  • Bouthaina Sayad

    (Department of Architecture, Institute of Architecture and Urbanism, Saad Dahlab University—Blida 1 (SDUB), Blida 9000, Algeria)

  • Mansour Rifaat Helmi

    (Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Oumr Adnan Osra

    (Department of Islamic Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia)

  • Ahmad Mohammed Abed

    (Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Haytham Hussain Alhubashi

    (Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Cities are facing significant challenges related to climate change, particularly due to the increasing impact of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. The present study investigated the UHI phenomenon at the microscale in Annaba, Algeria. The research involved a multi-step approach, starting with on-site measurements of urban microclimate parameters, performed in downtown Annaba on 6 July 2023. The UHI intensity was quantified by comparing city-measured temperatures with rural surroundings. Thermal imaging is then used to empirically identify the contributing factors to UHI initiation at the microscale. The study employed the ENVI-met model to analyse mitigation strategies, manipulating parameters for six scenarios including the current design of the study area. Outputs were used to assess the impact of these strategies on air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. The findings revealed an intense UHI effect in Annaba city with a peak difference of 6.9 °C, with practical implications for buildings, ground and roads, vehicles, air conditioners, and specific facade materials. Introducing urban vegetation, particularly urban trees and green roofs, proved highly effectiveness in mitigating the UHI in downtown Annaba. Urban trees demonstrated the most substantial impact, reducing temperatures by 1.9 °C at 1 p.m., while green roof temperature reductions ranged from 0.1 °C to 2 °C.

Suggested Citation

  • Bouthaina Sayad & Mansour Rifaat Helmi & Oumr Adnan Osra & Ahmad Mohammed Abed & Haytham Hussain Alhubashi, 2024. "Microscale Investigation of Urban Heat Island (UHI) in Annaba City: Unveiling Factors and Mitigation Strategies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-29, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:747-:d:1319567
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/2/747/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/2/747/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cihan Turhan & Ali Serdar Atalay & Gulden Gokcen Akkurt, 2023. "An Integrated Decision-Making Framework for Mitigating the Impact of Urban Heat Islands on Energy Consumption and Thermal Comfort of Residential Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-23, June.
    2. Magalie Técher & Hassan Ait Haddou & Rahim Aguejdad, 2023. "Urban Heat Island’s Vulnerability Assessment by Integrating Urban Planning Policies: A Case Study of Montpellier Méditerranée Metropolitan Area, France," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-26, January.
    3. Zhao, Yongling & Sen, Sushobhan & Susca, Tiziana & Iaria, Jacopo & Kubilay, Aytaç & Gunawardena, Kanchane & Zhou, Xiaohai & Takane, Yuya & Park, Yujin & Wang, Xiaolin & Rubin, Andreas & Fan, Yifan & Y, 2023. "Beating urban heat: Multimeasure-centric solution sets and a complementary framework for decision-making," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    4. Karima Boussaidi & Djamila Djaghrouri & Moussadek Benabbas & Hasim Altan, 2023. "Assessment of Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Public Space, during the Hottest Period in Annaba City, Algeria," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-27, July.
    5. Taleghani, Mohammad, 2018. "Outdoor thermal comfort by different heat mitigation strategies- A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2011-2018.
    6. Yang, An-Shik & Juan, Yu-Hsuan & Wen, Chih-Yung & Chang, Chao-Jui, 2017. "Numerical simulation of cooling effect of vegetation enhancement in a subtropical urban park," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 178-200.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Susca, T. & Zanghirella, F. & Colasuonno, L. & Del Fatto, V., 2022. "Effect of green wall installation on urban heat island and building energy use: A climate-informed systematic literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    2. Majda Ćesić & Katarina Rogulj & Jelena Kilić Pamuković & Andrija Krtalić, 2024. "A Systematic Review on Fuzzy Decision Support Systems and Multi-Criteria Analysis in Urban Heat Island Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-41, April.
    3. Shaojing Jiang, 2023. "Compound Heat Vulnerability in the Record-Breaking Hot Summer of 2022 over the Yangtze River Delta Region," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-15, April.
    4. Chih-Hong Huang & Hsin-Hua Tsai & Hung-chen Chen, 2020. "Influence of Weather Factors on Thermal Comfort in Subtropical Urban Environments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-23, March.
    5. Yonatal Tefera & Veronica Soebarto & Courtney Bishop & John Kandulu & Carmel Williams, 2023. "A Scoping Review of Urban Planning Decision Support Tools and Processes That Account for the Health, Environment, and Economic Benefits of Trees and Greenspace," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(1), pages 1-28, December.
    6. Wang, Chenghao & Wang, Zhi-Hua & Kaloush, Kamil E. & Shacat, Joseph, 2021. "Cool pavements for urban heat island mitigation: A synthetic review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    7. Karol Bandurski & Hanna Bandurska & Ewa Kazimierczak-Grygiel & Halina Koczyk, 2020. "The Green Structure for Outdoor Places in Dry, Hot Regions and Seasons—Providing Human Thermal Comfort in Sustainable Cities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-24, June.
    8. Pigliautile, I. & Pisello, A.L. & Bou-Zeid, E., 2020. "Humans in the city: Representing outdoor thermal comfort in urban canopy models," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    9. Priscila Weruska Stark da Silva & Denise Duarte & Stephan Pauleit, 2023. "The Role of the Design of Public Squares and Vegetation Composition on Human Thermal Comfort in Different Seasons a Quantitative Assessment," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-20, February.
    10. Lee, Louis S.H. & Jim, C.Y., 2019. "Energy benefits of green-wall shading based on novel-accurate apportionment of short-wave radiation components," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 1506-1518.
    11. Tang, Mingfang & Zheng, Xing, 2019. "Experimental study of the thermal performance of an extensive green roof on sunny summer days," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 1010-1021.
    12. Ying Zhang & Xijun Hu & Zheng Liu & Chunling Zhou & Hong Liang, 2022. "A Greening Strategy of Mitigation of the Thermal Environment for Coastal Sloping Urban Space," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-22, December.
    13. Fabiana Frota de Albuquerque Landi & Claudia Fabiani & Anna Laura Pisello, 2021. "Experimental Winter Monitoring of a Light-Weight Green Roof Assembly for Building Retrofit," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-20, April.
    14. Hongyu Du & Fengqi Zhou & Wenbo Cai & Yongli Cai & Yanqing Xu, 2021. "Thermal and Humidity Effect of Urban Green Spaces with Different Shapes: A Case Study of Shanghai, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-13, June.
    15. Naphat Suwanmanee & Nopadon Kronprasert & Chomphunut Sutheerakul & Kriangkrai Arunotayanun & Damrongsak Rinchumphu, 2024. "Investigation of Outdoor Thermal Comfort for Campus Pedestrian Walkways in Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-17, January.
    16. Xuan Ma & Hiroatsu Fukuda & Dian Zhou & Mengying Wang, 2019. "A Study of the Pedestrianized Zone for Tourists: Urban Design Effects on Humans’ Thermal Comfort in Fo Shan City, Southern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-20, May.
    17. Ruoning Chen & Xue-yi You, 2020. "Reduction of urban heat island and associated greenhouse gas emissions," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 25(4), pages 689-711, April.
    18. Niels Wollschläger & Felix Zinck & Uwe Schlink, 2022. "Sustainable Urban Development for Heat Adaptation of Small and Medium Sized Communities," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, August.
    19. Minghui Sun & Yibing Xue & Lei Wang, 2024. "Research on Optimized Design of Rural Housing in Cold Regions Based on Parametrization and Machine Learning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-19, January.
    20. Berger, Tania & Chundeli, Faiz Ahmed & Pandey, Rama Umesh & Jain, Minakshi & Tarafdar, Ayon Kumar & Ramamurthy, Adinarayanane, 2022. "Low-income residents' strategies to cope with urban heat," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:747-:d:1319567. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.