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An Optimal Road Network Extraction Methodology for an Autonomous Driving-Based Demand-Responsive Transit Service Considering Operational Design Domains

Author

Listed:
  • Boram Woo

    (Korea Transport Institute, Sejong 30147, Republic of Korea)

  • Donghoun Lee

    (Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea)

  • Yoojin Chang

    (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Sejong 30103, Republic of Korea)

  • Sungjin Park

    (Department of Urban Design and Planning, Hongik University, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea)

  • Sehyun Tak

    (Korea Transport Institute, Sejong 30147, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

In addition to addressing the labor shortage due to an aging population, the transition to autonomous vehicle (AV)-based mobility services offers enhanced efficiency and operational flexibility for public transportation. However, much of the existing focus has been on improving AV safety without fully considering road conditions and real-world service demand. This study contributes to the literature by proposing a comprehensive framework for efficiently integrating AV-based mobility services at the network level, addressing these gaps. The framework analyzes and optimizes service networks by incorporating actual demand patterns, quantifying road segment difficulty from an AV perspective, and developing an optimization model based on these factors. The framework begins by quantifying the operational difficulty of road segments through an evaluation of Operational Design Domains (ODDs), providing a precise measure of AV suitability under varying road conditions. It then introduces a quantitative metric to assess operational feasibility, considering factors such as the service margin, costs, and safety risks. Using these metrics alongside Genetic Algorithms (GAs), the framework identifies an optimal service network that balances safety, efficiency, and profitability. By analyzing real-world data from different mobility services, such as taxis, Demand-Responsive Transport (DRT), and Special Transportation Services (STSs), this study highlights the need for service-specific strategies to optimize AV deployment. The findings show that optimal networks vary with demand patterns and road difficulty, demonstrating the importance of tailored network designs. This research provides a scalable, data-driven approach for integrating AV services into public transportation systems and lays the foundation for further improvements by incorporating dynamic factors and broader urban contexts.

Suggested Citation

  • Boram Woo & Donghoun Lee & Yoojin Chang & Sungjin Park & Sehyun Tak, 2024. "An Optimal Road Network Extraction Methodology for an Autonomous Driving-Based Demand-Responsive Transit Service Considering Operational Design Domains," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-26, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:20:p:8819-:d:1496842
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Asadi Bagloee, Saeed & Ceder, Avishai (Avi), 2011. "Transit-network design methodology for actual-size road networks," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 45(10), pages 1787-1804.
    3. Schasché, Stephanie E. & Sposato, Robert G. & Hampl, Nina, 2022. "The dilemma of demand-responsive transport services in rural areas: Conflicting expectations and weak user acceptance," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 43-54.
    4. Steven I. Chien * & Zhaoqiong Qin, 2004. "Optimization of bus stop locations for improving transit accessibility," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(3), pages 211-227, June.
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