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Investigating the Energy Potential and Degradation Kinetics of Nine Organic Substrates: Promulgating Sustainability in Developing Economies

Author

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  • Peter Onu

    (Department of Quality and Operations Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg P.O. Box 524, South Africa
    College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo 232102, Nigeria)

  • Anup Pradhan

    (Department of Quality and Operations Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg P.O. Box 524, South Africa)

Abstract

To standardize, systematize, and improve the efficiency of the evaluation of biodegradable materials for large-scale biogas projects to support clean and sustainable energy development in emerging economies from a sub-Saharan African perspective, this paper analyzes and fits the potential for methane production (biochemical methane potential, BMP) and degradation kinetics of materials based on the gas production and degradation dynamics obtained from methane potential experiments. The first-order, modified first-order, and Gompertz models are used for analysis and fitting. The Gompertz model shows higher accuracy in fitting the methane production potential curve of screened materials, and the fitted methane potential values are close to the experimental values. When using BMP 1% (cumulative gas production reaching 1% of cumulative gas production per day) as a quantitative indicator for the methane production potential of materials, the cumulative methane production reaches over 85% of the cumulative methane production at the end of the experiment. The BMP test time is shortened by 26.98% to 72.06%. Among the screened materials, the methane production potential (calculated using BMP 1% ) of dry rice straw, maize leaves, fresh rice, soybean straw, maize stalks, chicken manure hydrolysate, chicken feathers, kitchen/food waste, and chicken offal are 234.14, 241.01, 253.34, 331.40, 305.80, 508.41, 510.10, 630.7, and 621.32 mL/g, respectively. The kinetic parameters show that among the nine materials, cellulose materials (except for maize stalks and soybean straw), chicken manure, and kitchen waste are easily degradable materials. In contrast, chicken feathers and offal are slowly degradable materials. The study posits that comparing standardized methane production potential and methane production kinetic parameters among materials improves the efficiency of screening materials and is critical for biogas projects.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Onu & Anup Pradhan, 2024. "Investigating the Energy Potential and Degradation Kinetics of Nine Organic Substrates: Promulgating Sustainability in Developing Economies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:12:p:5101-:d:1415518
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Montalvo, Silvio & Vielma, Stephania & Borja, Rafael & Huiliñir, César & Guerrero, Lorna, 2018. "Increase in biogas production in anaerobic sludge digestion by combining aerobic hydrolysis and addition of metallic wastes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 541-548.
    2. Tiago Miguel Cabrita & Maria Teresa Santos, 2023. "Biochemical Methane Potential Assays for Organic Wastes as an Anaerobic Digestion Feedstock," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-30, July.
    3. Xiaoxia Zou & Yu’e Li & Kuo Li & Roger Cremades & Qingzhu Gao & Yunfan Wan & Xiaobo Qin, 2015. "Greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural irrigation in China," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 295-315, February.
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