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Evaluation of Biochar as an Additive in the Co-Composting of Green Waste and Food Waste

Author

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  • Brayan Alexis Parra-Orobio

    (Grupo de Investigación en Recurso Hídrico y Saneamiento Ambiental—GPH, Facultad de Ingenierías Fisicomecánicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia)

  • Jonathan Soto-Paz

    (Grupo de Investigación en Recurso Hídrico y Saneamiento Ambiental—GPH, Facultad de Ingenierías Fisicomecánicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
    Grupo de Investigación en Amenazas, Vulnerabilidad y Riesgos a Fenómenos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, Calle 9 # 23-55, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia)

  • Jhon Alexander Hernández-Cruz

    (Grupo de Investigación en Recurso Hídrico y Saneamiento Ambiental—GPH, Facultad de Ingenierías Fisicomecánicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia)

  • Martha Cecilia Gómez-Herreño

    (Grupo de Investigación en Recurso Hídrico y Saneamiento Ambiental—GPH, Facultad de Ingenierías Fisicomecánicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia)

  • Isabel Cristina Domínguez-Rivera

    (Grupo de Investigación en Recurso Hídrico y Saneamiento Ambiental—GPH, Facultad de Ingenierías Fisicomecánicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia)

  • Edgar Ricardo Oviedo-Ocaña

    (Grupo de Investigación en Recurso Hídrico y Saneamiento Ambiental—GPH, Facultad de Ingenierías Fisicomecánicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia)

Abstract

Green waste (GW) represents 11% of municipal solid waste. Managing this waste is challenging due to its physicochemical variability, low density, and presence of hard-to-degrade lignocellulosic compounds. Composting is an alternative for GW transformation and valorization. However, due to the substrate characteristics, processing times are long, and the end product typically does not meet quality standards. Incorporating additives and co-substrates are operational strategies that contribute to overcoming these challenges. An essential step is the determination of a mixture’s composition that ensures synergistic effects on the process and end-product quality. This research assessed the effect of adding biochar (Bch) in the co-composting of GW and food waste (FW). A previously studied co-composting mixture (M) of GW, raw and processed FW, sawdust (Sd), and phosphoric rock (Pr) with four treatments by duplicate were assessed at the pilot scale: T 1 : 100% GW, T 2 : M 1 , T 3 : M 2 + 2% Bch, y T 4 : M 3 + 5% Bch. The results show that Bch treatments maintained the range of thermophilic temperatures for longer than the other two treatments (between four and five additional days), showing greater biological activity and better end-product hygienization. Likewise, in the Bch treatments, the hemicellulose and cellulose degradation improved compared to treatments without Bch by 33.9% and 23.3%, respectively, and nitrogen losses were reduced by up to 70%. Regarding the end product, adding a 2% dose of Bch allowed the highest fertility index compared to the other three treatments, showing its potential for agricultural use. This work demonstrates that adding biochar to FW and GW co-composting improves organic matter degradation rates, lignocellulosic degradation, and end-product quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Brayan Alexis Parra-Orobio & Jonathan Soto-Paz & Jhon Alexander Hernández-Cruz & Martha Cecilia Gómez-Herreño & Isabel Cristina Domínguez-Rivera & Edgar Ricardo Oviedo-Ocaña, 2023. "Evaluation of Biochar as an Additive in the Co-Composting of Green Waste and Food Waste," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7437-:d:1137503
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Edgar Ricardo Oviedo-Ocaña & Angelica Hernández-Gómez & Isabel Dominguez & Brayan Alexis Parra-Orobio & Jonathan Soto-Paz & Antoni Sánchez, 2022. "Evaluation of Co-Composting as an Alternative for the Use of Agricultural Waste of Spring Onions, Chicken Manure and Bio-Waste Produced in Moorland Ecosystems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Martha María Mayes-Ramírez & Francisco Jesús Gálvez-Sánchez & Ángel Fermín Ramos-Ridao & Valentín Molina-Moreno, 2023. "Urban Waste: Visualizing the Academic Literature through Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-24, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Elena Elisabeta Manea & Costel Bumbac & Laurentiu Razvan Dinu & Marius Bumbac & Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu, 2024. "Composting as a Sustainable Solution for Organic Solid Waste Management: Current Practices and Potential Improvements," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-25, July.

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