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Geospatial Visualization and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Rice Soil of a Newly Developed Industrial Zone in Bangladesh

Author

Listed:
  • Mahmuda Akter

    (Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh)

  • Mohammad Humayun Kabir

    (Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh)

  • Mohammad Ashraful Alam

    (Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh)

  • Hammadullah Al Mashuk

    (Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1700, Bangladesh)

  • Mohammad Mizanur Rahman

    (Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh)

  • Mohammad Saiful Alam

    (Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh)

  • Graham Brodie

    (School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia)

  • S. M. Mofijul Islam

    (Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh)

  • Yam Kanta Gaihre

    (International Fertilizer Development Center, Muscle Shoals, AL 35661, USA)

  • Golum Kibria Muhammad Mustafizur Rahman

    (Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh)

Abstract

With rapid industrialization in Gazipur areas of Bangladesh, untreated industrial effluents have been polluting rice soils which could exert potential ecological risk. Therefore, four different types of industries including chemical (SL), textile and paints (MIX), dyeing (CK), and sweater and dyeing (RD) were selected to monitor the intensity of heavy metal pollution in rice soils and ecological risk assessment. The di-acid digestion method was used for the determination of Pd, Cd, and Ni, and the DTPA extraction method was used for Fe, Zn, and Cu. ArcGIS was used to visualize the spatial patterns of heavy metal pollution, and different pollution indices were calculated to assess the ecological risk. The highest concentration (mg kg −1 ) of Cd (0.72), Pb (104.20), and Ni (5.02) was found in soils of the MIX industrial area. The highest concentration (mg kg −1 ) of Fe (147.65) and Zn (11.27) was found in the SL industry, while the highest Cu (7.67) was found in the CK industry. It was evident from the spatial distribution that the soils of paddy fields adjacent to the different industries are more contaminated than background soil. Although the potential ecological risk of heavy metal was low, different pollution indices indicated low to high pollution. Thus, the adjacent rice field soil of different industries is being contaminated by different heavy metals which may raise ecological risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Mahmuda Akter & Mohammad Humayun Kabir & Mohammad Ashraful Alam & Hammadullah Al Mashuk & Mohammad Mizanur Rahman & Mohammad Saiful Alam & Graham Brodie & S. M. Mofijul Islam & Yam Kanta Gaihre & Golu, 2023. "Geospatial Visualization and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Rice Soil of a Newly Developed Industrial Zone in Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7208-:d:1133460
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Keli Zhao & Weijun Fu & Zhengqian Ye & Chaosheng Zhang, 2015. "Contamination and Spatial Variation of Heavy Metals in the Soil-Rice System in Nanxun County, Southeastern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, January.
    2. Inna Z. Kamanina & Wael M. Badawy & Svetlana P. Kaplina & Oleg A. Makarov & Sergey V. Mamikhin, 2023. "Assessment of Soil Potentially Toxic Metal Pollution in Kolchugino Town, Russia: Characteristics and Pollution," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-16, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Natividad Miledy Alberto Then & Ramón Delanoy & Diana Rodríguez Alberto & Ronaldo Méndez Henández & Oscar Díaz Rizo & Lizaira Bello, 2023. "Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment in the Agricultural Soils of Bonao, Dominican Republic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Natividad Miledy Alberto Then & Ramón Delanoy & Pedro Antonio Nuñez-Ramos & Oscar Díaz Rizo & Lizaira Bello, 2024. "Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and the Ecological Risk in an Agricultural Area from Sánchez Ramírez Province, Dominican Republic," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-12, May.

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