IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i7p5682-d1106065.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Heterogenous Urbanization and Agricultural Green Development Efficiency: Evidence from China

Author

Listed:
  • Pengfei Ge

    (School of Economics and Management, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Tan Liu

    (School of Economics and Management, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Xiaoxu Wu

    (School of Economics and Management, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Xiulu Huang

    (School of Public Administration, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China)

Abstract

Realizing green development in agriculture is fundamental to sustained economic development. As a measure to facilitate the transfer of rural population, urbanization is considered to be strategic in promoting agricultural green development. This paper employs a SBM-DDF–Luenberger method to measure agricultural green total factor productivity (AGTFP) and the agricultural labor surplus in China, and empirically tests the heterogeneous effects of household registration urbanization, permanent residence urbanization, and employment urbanization on the efficiency of agricultural green development. The results reveal that: (1) the average annual growth rate of China’s AGFTP is 4.4374%, which is achieved mainly through improvements in green scale efficiency. (2) The agricultural sector in China is suffering a large surplus of labor force, with an estimation of 20.64 million in 2020. (3) Both household registration urbanization and permanent residence urbanization have a significant promoting effect on agricultural green development efficiency, though the former promotes less. (4) Employment urbanization improves agricultural green development efficiency by providing employment guidance for migrant workers, and employment urbanization of the tertiary industry has a more pronounced improvement effect. The findings suggest that governments remove restrictions on the household registration system and actively guide surplus agricultural laborers to engage in urban service industries to provide an impetus for promoting green agricultural development.

Suggested Citation

  • Pengfei Ge & Tan Liu & Xiaoxu Wu & Xiulu Huang, 2023. "Heterogenous Urbanization and Agricultural Green Development Efficiency: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:5682-:d:1106065
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/7/5682/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/7/5682/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Le, Kien, 2020. "Land use restrictions, misallocation in agriculture, and aggregate productivity in Vietnam," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    2. Adnan, Nadia & Nordin, Shahrina Md & Ali, Murad, 2018. "A solution for the sunset industry: Adoption of Green Fertiliser Technology amongst Malaysian paddy farmers," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 575-584.
    3. Welsch, Heinz, 2022. "Do social norms trump rational choice in voluntary climate change mitigation? Multi-country evidence of social tipping points," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    4. Panpan Diao & Zhonggen Zhang & Zhenyong Jin, 2018. "Dynamic and static analysis of agricultural productivity in China," China Agricultural Economic Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 10(2), pages 293-312, May.
    5. Panpan Diao & Zhonggen Zhang & Zhenyong Jin, 2018. "Dynamic and static analysis of agricultural productivity in China," China Agricultural Economic Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 10(2), pages 293-312, May.
    6. Guoqun Ma & Danyang Lv & Yuxi Luo & Tuanbiao Jiang, 2022. "Environmental Regulation, Urban-Rural Income Gap and Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-22, July.
    7. Selod, Harris & Shilpi, Forhad, 2021. "Rural-urban migration in developing countries: Lessons from the literature," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    8. Xiaocang Xu & Xiuquan Huang & Jun Huang & Xin Gao & Linhong Chen, 2019. "Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Agriculture Green Total Factor Productivity in China, 1998–2016: Based on More Sophisticated Calculations of Carbon Emissions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-16, October.
    9. Tasso Adamopoulos & Diego Restuccia, 2020. "Land Reform and Productivity: A Quantitative Analysis with Micro Data," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 12(3), pages 1-39, July.
    10. Tasso Adamopoulos & Loren Brandt & Jessica Leight & Diego Restuccia, 2022. "Misallocation, Selection, and Productivity: A Quantitative Analysis With Panel Data From China," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 90(3), pages 1261-1282, May.
    11. Chang-Tai Hsieh & Peter J. Klenow, 2009. "Misallocation and Manufacturing TFP in China and India," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 124(4), pages 1403-1448.
    12. Gao, Jia & Song, Ge & Sun, Xueqing, 2020. "Does labor migration affect rural land transfer? Evidence from China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    13. Shawna Grosskopf, 2003. "Some Remarks on Productivity and its Decompositions," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 459-474, November.
    14. Ayerst, Stephen & Brandt, Loren & Restuccia, Diego, 2020. "Market constraints, misallocation, and productivity in Vietnam agriculture," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    15. Sarah Velten & Julia Leventon & Nicolas Jager & Jens Newig, 2015. "What Is Sustainable Agriculture? A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(6), pages 1-33, June.
    16. Zhao, Haitao & Chang, Jinxiong & Wang, Jinxian, 2023. "What pulls Chinese migrant workers back to the countryside? An analysis from a family concerns perspective," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 801-812.
    17. Fukuyama, Hirofumi & Weber, William L., 2009. "A directional slacks-based measure of technical inefficiency," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 43(4), pages 274-287, December.
    18. Li, Jingrong & Zhang, Chenlei & Mi, Yunsheng, 2021. "Land titling and internal migration: Evidence from China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    19. Kwan, Fung & Wu, Yanrui & Zhuo, Shuaihe, 2018. "Surplus agricultural labour and China's Lewis turning point," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 244-257.
    20. Fleur Wouterse, 2010. "Migration and technical efficiency in cereal production: evidence from Burkina Faso," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 41(5), pages 385-395, September.
    21. Zhang, Yuxin & Xu, Dafeng, 2023. "Service on the rise, agriculture and manufacturing in decline: The labor market effects of high-speed rail services in Spain," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    22. Mao, Hui & Zhou, Li & Ying, RuiYao & Pan, Dan, 2021. "Time Preferences and green agricultural technology adoption: Field evidence from rice farmers in China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    23. Chen, Po-Chi & Yu, Ming-Miin & Chang, Ching-Cheng & Hsu, Shih-Hsun, 2008. "Total factor productivity growth in China's agricultural sector," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 580-593, December.
    24. Zhang, Huafeng, 2010. "The Hukou system's constraints on migrant workers' job mobility in Chinese cities," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 51-64, March.
    25. Shao, Shuai & Li, Baoli & Fan, Meiting & Yang, Lili, 2021. "How does labor transfer affect environmental pollution in rural China? Evidence from a survey," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    26. Wang, Feng & Wei, Xianjin & Liu, Juan & He, Lingyun & Gao, Mengnan, 2019. "Impact of high-speed rail on population mobility and urbanisation: A case study on Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 99-114.
    27. Zhang, Jipeng & Huang, Jin & Wang, Junhui & Guo, Liang, 2020. "Return migration and Hukou registration constraints in Chinese cities," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Feng Zhou & Chunhui Wen, 2024. "Research on the Evolution of the Spatial Association Network Structure and Driving Factors of China’s Agricultural Green Development," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-27, April.
    2. Changhong Chen & Huijie Zhang, 2023. "Evaluation of Green Development Level of Mianyang Agriculture, Based on the Entropy Weight Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-22, May.
    3. Ruifa Li & Wanglai Cui, 2024. "Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Arable Land Green and Low-Carbon Utilization in the Yangtze River Delta from the Perspective of Carbon Neutrality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Yang Shen & Xiaoyang Guo & Xiuwu Zhang, 2023. "Digital Financial Inclusion, Land Transfer, and Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-25, April.
    5. Tuanbiao Jiang & Min Zhong & Anrong Gao & Guoqun Ma, 2024. "Do Factor Misallocations Affect Food Security? Evidence from China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-17, May.
    6. Junxu Zhou & Yajun Chang & Rong Peng & Zijun Liu & Hang Luo & Min Ji, 2024. "Does Free Compulsory Education Matter for the Green Transformation of Agriculture? Evidence from Rural China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-19, April.
    7. Zhenyu Qi & Yuezhou You, 2024. "The Impact of the Rural Digital Economy on Agricultural Green Development and Its Mechanism: Empirical Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-23, April.
    8. Biao Zhang & Sang Fu, 2023. "Can Farmers’ Satisfaction with Green Production Policies Be Explained by Policy Structure and Policy Implementation? Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, June.
    9. Wen Zhang & Rong Zhang & Yuntao Zou, 2024. "Urbanization and Cultural Industry Correlation: An Empirical Analysis from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-27, August.
    10. Feng Zhou & Chunhui Wen, 2023. "Research on the Level of Agricultural Green Development, Regional Disparities, and Dynamic Distribution Evolution in China from the Perspective of Sustainable Development," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-47, July.
    11. Hong Li & Weiwei Zhang & Xiao Xiao & Fei Lun & Yifu Sun & Na Sun, 2023. "Temporal and Spatial Changes of Agriculture Green Development in Beijing’s Ecological Conservation Developing Areas from 2006 to 2016," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Stephen Ayerst & Loren Brandt & Diego Restuccia, 2023. "Distortions, Producer Dynamics, and Aggregate Productivity: A General Equilibrium Analysis," Working Papers tecipa-748, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
    2. Marijn A. Bolhuis & Swapnika R. Rachapalli & Diego Restuccia, 2021. "Misallocation in Indian Agriculture," NBER Working Papers 29363, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Xuelan Li & Rui Guan, 2023. "How Does Agricultural Mechanization Service Affect Agricultural Green Transformation in China?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-23, January.
    4. Chen, Minjie & Heerink, Nico & Zhu, Xueqin & Feng, Shuyi, 2021. "Do Small Farm Sizes Imply Large Resource Misallocation? Evidence from Wheat-Maize Double Cropping Farms in the North China Plain," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315141, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    5. Kumari, Ranpati Dewage Thilini Sumudu & Chen, Shawn Xiaoguang & Li, Bei & Tang, Sam Hak Kan, 2023. "Can land misallocation be a greater barrier to development than capital? Evidence from manufacturing firms in Sri Lanka," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    6. Chaoran Chen, 2017. "Untitled Land, Occupational Choice, and Agricultural Productivity," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 9(4), pages 91-121, October.
    7. Aragón, Fernando M. & Restuccia, Diego & Rud, Juan Pablo, 2022. "Are small farms really more productive than large farms?," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    8. Tasso Adam & Loren Brandt & Chaoran Chen & Diego Restuccia & Xiaoyun Wei, 2024. "Land Security and Mobility Frictions," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 139(3), pages 1941-1987.
    9. Chaoran Chen & Diego Restuccia & Raül Santaeulàlia-Llopis, 2023. "Land Misallocation and Productivity," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 441-465, April.
    10. Diego Restuccia, 2019. "Misallocation and aggregate productivity across time and space," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 52(1), pages 5-32, February.
    11. Douglas Gollin & Christopher Udry, 2021. "Heterogeneity, Measurement Error, and Misallocation: Evidence from African Agriculture," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 129(1), pages 1-80.
    12. Diego Restuccia & Richard Rogerson, 2017. "The Causes and Costs of Misallocation," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 31(3), pages 151-174, Summer.
    13. Chen, Chaoran, 2020. "Technology adoption, capital deepening, and international productivity differences," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    14. Yi-Xuan Lu & Si-Ting Wang & Guan-Xin Yao & Jing Xu, 2023. "Green Total Factor Efficiency in Vegetable Production: A Comprehensive Ecological Analysis of China’s Practices," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-25, October.
    15. Tasso Adamopoulos & Diego Restuccia, 2020. "Land Reform and Productivity: A Quantitative Analysis with Micro Data," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 12(3), pages 1-39, July.
    16. Rivera-Padilla, Alberto, 2020. "Crop choice, trade costs, and agricultural productivity," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    17. Chaoran Chen & Diego Restuccia & Raul Santaeulalia-Llopis, 2022. "The Effects of Land Markets on Resource Allocation and Agricultural Productivity," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 45, pages 41-54, July.
    18. Joshua D. Merfeld, 2023. "Labor elasticities, market failures, and misallocation: Evidence from Indian agriculture," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 54(5), pages 623-637, September.
    19. Chen, Minjie & Heerink, Nico & Zhu, Xueqin & Feng, Shuyi, 2022. "Do small and equally distributed farm sizes imply large resource misallocation? Evidence from wheat-maize double-cropping in the North China Plain," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    20. Ito, Junichi & Li, Xinyi, 2023. "Interplay between China’s grain self-sufficiency policy shifts and interregional, intertemporal productivity differences," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:5682-:d:1106065. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.