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Air Quality Modeling of Cooking Stove Emissions and Exposure Assessment in Rural Areas

Author

Listed:
  • Yucheng He

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marlan and Rosemary Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA)

  • Sanika Ravindra Nishandar

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marlan and Rosemary Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA)

  • Rufus David Edwards

    (Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Program in Public Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA)

  • Marko Princevac

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marlan and Rosemary Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA)

Abstract

Cooking stoves produce significant emissions of PM 2.5 in homes, causing major health impacts in rural communities. The installation of chimneys in cooking stoves has been documented to substantially reduce indoor emissions compared to those of traditional open fires. Majority of the emissions pass through chimneys to the outdoors, while some fraction of the emissions leak directly into the indoor air, which is defined as fugitive emission. Indoor PM 2.5 concentrations are then the result of such fugitive emissions and the infiltration of outdoor neighborhood pollutants. This study uses a combination of the one-contaminant box model and dispersion models to estimate the indoor PM 2.5 household concentration. The results show that the contributions of outdoor infiltration to indoor PM 2.5 concentrations increase with higher packing densities and ventilation rates. For a case study, under WHO recommended ventilation conditions, the 24 h average mass concentration is ~21 μg/m 3 , with fugitive concentration accounting for ~90% of the total exposure for highly packed communities. These results help to identify the potential benefits of intervention strategies in regions that use chimney stoves.

Suggested Citation

  • Yucheng He & Sanika Ravindra Nishandar & Rufus David Edwards & Marko Princevac, 2023. "Air Quality Modeling of Cooking Stove Emissions and Exposure Assessment in Rural Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:5676-:d:1105945
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Miyoung Lim & Sainnyambuu Myagmarchuluun & Hyunkyung Ban & Yunhyung Hwang & Chimedsuren Ochir & Delgerzul Lodoisamba & Kiyoung Lee, 2018. "Characteristics of Indoor PM 2.5 Concentration in Gers Using Coal Stoves in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-11, November.
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    4. Hyungkeun Kim & Kyungmo Kang & Taeyeon Kim, 2018. "Measurement of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Health Risk Assessment of Cooking-Generated Particles in the Kitchen and Living Rooms of Apartment Houses," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-13, March.
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    8. Anne Wambui Mutahi & Laura Borgese & Claudio Marchesi & Michael J. Gatari & Laura E. Depero, 2021. "Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality for Sustainable Life: A Case Study of Rural and Urban Settlements in Poor Neighbourhoods in Kenya," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-18, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mengying Zhang & Xujuan Dong & Jing Feng, 2024. "Indoor Air Quality Evaluation in Rural Houses Using Different Heating Methods in Northern Shanxi, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-18, July.

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