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Different Contribution of Olive Groves and Citrus Orchards to Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration: A Field Study in Four Sites in Crete, Greece

Author

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  • Eleni Sofoulaki

    (Department of Humanities Social Sciences and Economics, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
    Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Vasileios A. Tzanakakis

    (Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Georgios Giannopoulos

    (School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Iosif Kapellakis

    (Department of Civil Engineering, School of Architecture, Engineering, Land and Environmental Sciences, Neapolis University, 2 Danais Av., 8042 Pafos, Cyprus)

  • Emmanouil Kabourakis

    (Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Theocharis Chatzistathis

    (Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization (ELGO-Dimitra), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Nikolaos Monokrousos

    (Department of Humanities Social Sciences and Economics, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

Abstract

In this work, we evaluated the effects of cultivation practices and sites (representing four locations in Crete, Greece) on soil organic carbon sequestration in established citrus orchards, olive groves, and uncultivated fields (used as a control). Soil pH, soil texture, soil organic matter (SOM), Permanganate Oxidizable Carbon (POXC), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Carbon and Nitrogen ratio (C:N), as well as soil CO 2 respiration rates, and specific enzymes’ activity (i.e., N-Acetyl Glutamate (NAG), Beta Glucosidase (BG), Dehydrogenase) were determined in the upper soil layer (0–20 cm). It was shown that citrus and olive orchards under the South Mediterranean conditions could substantially increase C storage in the soil. However, soils planted with orange trees showed lower capacity than olive trees, which was related to litter chemistry (i.e., leaf C:N ratio). Sites had no significant impact on SOM. In our study, SOM had a positive relationship with TKN (and less with POXC) and the C:N ratio of the tree crop species litter. Our findings have implications for designing soil conservation practices in Mediterranean conditions and developing initiatives describing achievable targets of SOM restoration depending on soil properties and cropping systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Eleni Sofoulaki & Vasileios A. Tzanakakis & Georgios Giannopoulos & Iosif Kapellakis & Emmanouil Kabourakis & Theocharis Chatzistathis & Nikolaos Monokrousos, 2023. "Different Contribution of Olive Groves and Citrus Orchards to Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration: A Field Study in Four Sites in Crete, Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:1477-:d:1033764
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Consoli, S. & Stagno, F. & Roccuzzo, G. & Cirelli, G.L. & Intrigliolo, F., 2014. "Sustainable management of limited water resources in a young orange orchard," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 60-68.
    2. Wolfgang Cramer & Joël Guiot & Marianela Fader & Joaquim Garrabou & Jean-Pierre Gattuso & Ana Iglesias & Manfred A. Lange & Piero Lionello & Maria Carmen Llasat & Shlomit Paz & Josep Peñuelas & Maria , 2018. "Climate change and interconnected risks to sustainable development in the Mediterranean," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 8(11), pages 972-980, November.
    3. Proietti, Stefania & Sdringola, Paolo & Desideri, Umberto & Zepparelli, Francesco & Brunori, Antonio & Ilarioni, Luana & Nasini, Luigi & Regni, Luca & Proietti, Primo, 2014. "Carbon footprint of an olive tree grove," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 115-124.
    4. O. Tzoraki & M. Kritsotakis & E. Baltas, 2015. "Spatial Water Use efficiency Index towards resource sustainability: application in the island of Crete, Greece," International Journal of Water Resources Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(4), pages 669-681, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yunwei Han & Qing Wang & Fucheng Li & Yalin Guo & Songtao Shen & Guohui Luo & Yuting Zheng, 2023. "Carbon Distribution Characteristics and Sequestration Potential of Various Land-Use Types in a Stony Soil Zone of the Arid Mountainous Regions on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-13, October.

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