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Impact of the Variability of Vegetation, Soil Moisture, and Building Density between City Districts on Land Surface Temperature, Warsaw, Poland

Author

Listed:
  • Karol Przeździecki

    (Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska Street, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Jarosław Zawadzki

    (Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska Street, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

The temperature of a city’s surface is influenced by many factors, including human-dependent ones that can be shaped, such as the urban density, the condition of urban vegetation, the presence of urban water bodies, and soil moisture. Knowledge on this subject allows for improving the urban climate through better planning and construction of urban infrastructure and adapting cities to climate change and avoiding deadly heat waves increasingly threatening European cities. So far, mainly the first three factors have been studied particularly well, while there is no in-depth research on the impact of soil moisture on a city’s climate in the literature. This article fills this gap by analyzing the impact of all the abovementioned factors on the temperature of the city’s surface in Warsaw, a large European urban agglomeration, located in a temperate climate zone. Due to the exceptionally large war damage to Warsaw during World War II, rapid postwar reconstruction, and significant expansion, the city is characterized by a very large diversity of urban development density and a much larger amount of green areas compared to most large cities, such as old Western European agglomerations. The scientific novelty of the work is also the fact that the soil moisture content was analyzed using the TVDI/qTVDI (Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index Estimation) indexes obtained by using the so-called triangle methods in NDVI-LST space, based on satellite observations. Such analyses have not been performed so far in urban areas, while in the article, many new results were obtained on this subject. For example, Pearson’s correlation coefficients between LST, NDBI, NDVI, and qTVDI calculated for the entire area of Warsaw on 8 August 2020 were 0.78, 0.45, and −0.35, respectively. Another important aspect of the work is that it includes comparative studies of the impact of the abovementioned factors on the temperature of the Earth’s surface at the level of different city districts. As a result, it was possible to more effectively study the impact of the abovementioned factors on the temperature of the Earth’s surface at the scale of local administrative units. Thanks to the obtained results, urban planners will be able to reduce urban hazard risks caused by climate change.

Suggested Citation

  • Karol Przeździecki & Jarosław Zawadzki, 2023. "Impact of the Variability of Vegetation, Soil Moisture, and Building Density between City Districts on Land Surface Temperature, Warsaw, Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:1274-:d:1030370
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ruiwen Zhang & Chengyi Zhao & Xiaofei Ma & Karthikeyan Brindha & Qifei Han & Chaofan Li & Xiaoning Zhao, 2019. "Projected Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Drought under Global Warming in Central Asia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-19, August.
    2. A. Lemonsu & Vincent Viguie & M. Daniel & V. Masson, 2015. "Vulnerability to heat waves: Impact of urban expansion scenarios on urban heat island and heat stress in Paris (France)," Post-Print hal-01695088, HAL.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xinyi Liu & Huixian Jiang, 2023. "Dynamic Evaluation of Ecological Environment Quality in Coastal Cities from the Perspective of Water Quality: The Case of Fuzhou City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-18, July.
    2. Maram Ahmed & Mohammed A. Aloshan & Wisam Mohammed & Essam Mesbah & Naser A. Alsaleh & Islam Elghonaimy, 2024. "Characterizing Land Surface Temperature (LST) through Remote Sensing Data for Small-Scale Urban Development Projects in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-23, May.

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