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An Organisational-Life Cycle Assessment Approach for Internet of Things Technologies Implementation in a Human Milk Bank

Author

Listed:
  • Tamíris Pacheco da Costa

    (School of Biosystems & Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Agriculture Building, UCD Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland)

  • James Gillespie

    (School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Magee Campus, Ulster University, Northland Road, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK)

  • Katarzyna Pelc

    (Bedfordshire Business School, University of Bedfordshire, Putteridge Bury, R. 220, Hitchin Road, Luton LU2 8LE, UK)

  • Natalie Shenker

    (Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
    Human Milk Foundation, Rothamsted Institute, Daniel Hall Building, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK)

  • Gillian Weaver

    (Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
    Human Milk Foundation, Rothamsted Institute, Daniel Hall Building, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK)

  • Ramakrishnan Ramanathan

    (Essex Business School, University of Essex, Southend Campus, Elmer Approach, Southend-on-Sea, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK)

  • Fionnuala Murphy

    (School of Biosystems & Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Agriculture Building, UCD Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland)

Abstract

Human milk banks (HMB) are responsible for screening and recruiting milk donors with surplus milk to their own infant’s needs, followed by transporting, heat-treating (pasteurising) and microbiologically confirming the donor human milk (DHM) is safe to issue to vulnerable infants. Maintaining the safety and quality of DHM are vital requirements in HMB operations. DHM must be maintained in ideal temperature conditions throughout the whole period—from expression until delivery. In this regard, monitoring technologies (e.g., sensors, Big Data and the Internet of Things) have become a viable solution to avoid food loss, allowing prompt corrective action. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the trade-offs between optimising DHM transportation and the environmental impact of implementing such technologies. The environmental performance was carried out through an Organisational Life Cycle Assessment (O-LCA). The electricity consumed during milk storage is the main driver for the environmental impacts in this organisation, responsible for up to 82% of the impacts in ionising radiation. The transportation stage and the treatment of discarded DHM were also relevant for ozone formation and marine eutrophication, respectively. Considering the strategy to integrate monitoring technologies to control the temperature conditions during transportation and the reduction of milk discarded by 3%, an environmental impact reduction can be also observed. In some categories, such as global warming, it could avoid around 863 kg of CO 2 -eq per year. The sensitivity analysis showed that the impacts of the HMB depend highly on the transport distance. In addition, changing the transportation mode from motorcycles to drones or electric vehicles can affect the environmental performance of this organisation. Therefore, human milk transport logistics must be studied in a multidisciplinary way to encompass all possible impacts of these strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Tamíris Pacheco da Costa & James Gillespie & Katarzyna Pelc & Natalie Shenker & Gillian Weaver & Ramakrishnan Ramanathan & Fionnuala Murphy, 2023. "An Organisational-Life Cycle Assessment Approach for Internet of Things Technologies Implementation in a Human Milk Bank," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:1137-:d:1028043
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    1. Zahra Amiri & Arash Heidari & Mehdi Darbandi & Yalda Yazdani & Nima Jafari Navimipour & Mansour Esmaeilpour & Farshid Sheykhi & Mehmet Unal, 2023. "The Personal Health Applications of Machine Learning Techniques in the Internet of Behaviors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-41, August.

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