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Human Health Risks and Interference of Urban Landscape and Meteorological Parameters in the Distribution of Pollutant: A Case Study of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand

Author

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  • Rungruang Janta

    (School of Languages and General Education, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
    Center of Excellence in Sustainable Disaster Management, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand)

  • Jenjira Kaewrat

    (School of Languages and General Education, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
    Center of Excellence in Sustainable Disaster Management, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand)

  • Wittaya Tala

    (Environmental Science Research Center (ESRC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
    Environmental Chemistry Research Laboratory (ECRL), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Surasak Sichum

    (Center of Excellence in Sustainable Disaster Management, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand)

  • Chuthamat Rattikansukha

    (School of Languages and General Education, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
    Center of Excellence in Sustainable Disaster Management, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand)

  • K. H. Sameera M. Dharmadasa

    (Central Environmental Authority, Battaramulla 10120, Sri Lanka)

Abstract

Recently, the air quality in urban areas has declined because of increasing traffic emissions. This paper aimed to determine the toxicity from exposure to pollutants among three sensitive groups of residents in urban areas. Moreover, this study also estimated the impacts of landscape and meteorological conditions on the accumulation of air pollutants in these areas. The results showed that the annual average concentration in the town exceeded the WHO air quality guidelines. Other areas that had a high traffic density also presented unacceptable levels according to the hazard quotient ( HQ value ≥ 1). It was found that the air quality in the town had declined. This study also found that people living in a tropical monsoon climate should avoid exposure to air pollution in both the summer and rainy seasons; even though the pollutant concentration is lower in the rainy season, the longer exposure time causes unacceptable health risks. Humidity showed a strong impact on gas pollutant reduction ( r s = −0.943). The pollutants tended to increase in areas with a high density of main roads. Additionally, building density affected the accumulation of pollutants in near-source areas and blocked pollutants in receptor areas. Therefore, this study suggests that local authorities should provide vegetation infrastructure for a sustainable air quality improvement in urban areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Rungruang Janta & Jenjira Kaewrat & Wittaya Tala & Surasak Sichum & Chuthamat Rattikansukha & K. H. Sameera M. Dharmadasa, 2023. "Human Health Risks and Interference of Urban Landscape and Meteorological Parameters in the Distribution of Pollutant: A Case Study of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:20:p:14672-:d:1256606
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mirela Voiculescu & Daniel-Eduard Constantin & Simona Condurache-Bota & Valentina Călmuc & Adrian Roșu & Carmelia Mariana Dragomir Bălănică, 2020. "Role of Meteorological Parameters in the Diurnal and Seasonal Variation of NO 2 in a Romanian Urban Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Feng Wang & Mingru Dong & Jing Ren & Shan Luo & Hui Zhao & Juan Liu, 2022. "The impact of urban spatial structure on air pollution: empirical evidence from China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 5531-5550, April.
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