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Modeling the Hydraulic Performance of Pilot Green Roofs Using the Storm Water Management Model: How Important Is Calibration?

Author

Listed:
  • Jesse Weggemans

    (CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Maria Luiza Santos

    (CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Filipa Ferreira

    (CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Gabriel Duarte Moreno

    (CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • José Saldanha Matos

    (CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

Abstract

Green roofs are low-impact development (LID) that assist in regulating stormwater runoff by reducing the peak flow rate and total runoff volume, among other benefits. In this study, the hydraulic performance of green roofs was modeled using the SWMM 5.2 software, taking field data into account for calibration purposes. A Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was built using field data from pilot green roofs installed at the Instituto Superior Técnico Campus, University of Lisbon, Portugal. The simulated results with and without calibration were compared, as well as the results obtained in the field studies. The results from the uncalibrated model were unsatisfactory. After calibration, the average Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) was 0.72, and the volume error was 5.9%, with most of the results classified as very good and good. This study shows relevant insights on the use of the SWMM to model green roofs, demonstrating the crucial importance of the calibration process for the correct prediction of hydraulic performance and indicating the porosity parameter as one of the most sensitive to the results. In addition, it provides estimates of LID parameters that can help in the development of projects carried out in the Mediterranean climate.

Suggested Citation

  • Jesse Weggemans & Maria Luiza Santos & Filipa Ferreira & Gabriel Duarte Moreno & José Saldanha Matos, 2023. "Modeling the Hydraulic Performance of Pilot Green Roofs Using the Storm Water Management Model: How Important Is Calibration?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-16, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:19:p:14421-:d:1252360
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ignacio Andrés-Doménech & Sara Perales-Momparler & Adrián Morales-Torres & Ignacio Escuder-Bueno, 2018. "Hydrological Performance of Green Roofs at Building and City Scales under Mediterranean Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Patrizia Piro & Marco Carbone & Marilena De Simone & Mario Maiolo & Piero Bevilacqua & Natale Arcuri, 2018. "Energy and Hydraulic Performance of a Vegetated Roof in Sub-Mediterranean Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Manso, Maria & Teotónio, Inês & Silva, Cristina Matos & Cruz, Carlos Oliveira, 2021. "Green roof and green wall benefits and costs: A review of the quantitative evidence," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    4. Maria Luíza Santos & Cristina Matos Silva & Filipa Ferreira & José Saldanha Matos, 2023. "Hydrological Analysis of Green Roofs Performance under a Mediterranean Climate: A Case Study in Lisbon, Portugal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-18, January.
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