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Temporal Characteristics and Sources of PM 2.5 in Porto Velho of Amazon Region in Brazil from 2020 to 2022

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  • Yu-Woon Jang

    (Institute of Latin American Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul 02450, Republic of Korea)

  • Gi-Woong Jung

    (Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul 02450, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Our study analyzed PM 2.5 concentrations in Porto Velho, Rondônia, during the April 2020 and October 2022 wildfire seasons. This study aimed to evaluate the temporal characteristics of PM 2.5 and the influence of long-distance pollution sources. Using PurpleAir data, we found that the average PM 2.5 concentration was 17.7 ± 24.0 µg m −3 , with significant spikes in August. PM 2.5 concentrations decreased during the day but rose from nighttime to morning. The PM 2.5 concentration was observed to be distributed at a high level of 36.3 ± 31.1 µg m −3 in slow westerly winds. Moreover, even in the dominant northerly wind conditions, a similarly high concentration of PM 2.5 was detected, measuring at 33.2 ± 28.3 µg m −3 . Air masses mainly originated from northeastern, southeastern, and southern regions, passing through Paraguay and Bolivia. Furthermore, PM 2.5 in Porto Velho was influenced by Brazil’s northern and Central-West areas. To meet the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Indicator 11.6.2 for clean air, it is recommended that wildfires in Porto Velho’s northern and western regions be reduced, and more robust deforestation policies are needed in areas with long-distance pollution sources.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu-Woon Jang & Gi-Woong Jung, 2023. "Temporal Characteristics and Sources of PM 2.5 in Porto Velho of Amazon Region in Brazil from 2020 to 2022," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:14012-:d:1244711
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    1. Luciana V. Gatti & Luana S. Basso & John B. Miller & Manuel Gloor & Lucas Gatti Domingues & Henrique L. G. Cassol & Graciela Tejada & Luiz E. O. C. Aragão & Carlos Nobre & Wouter Peters & Luciano Mara, 2021. "Amazonia as a carbon source linked to deforestation and climate change," Nature, Nature, vol. 595(7867), pages 388-393, July.
    2. Pereira, Alexia Saleme Aona de Paula & dos Santos, Vitor Juste & Alves, Sabrina do Carmo & Amaral e Silva, Arthur & da Silva, Charles Gomes & Calijuri, Maria Lúcia, 2022. "Contribution of rural settlements to the deforestation dynamics in the Legal Amazon," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
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