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The Social Equity of Urban Parks in High-Density Urban Areas: A Case Study in the Core Area of Beijing

Author

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  • Chang Wang

    (School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Siyuan Wang

    (School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecology and Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Urban and Rural Landscape Construction, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yilun Cao

    (School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

  • Haojun Yan

    (China Academy of Urban Planning and Design Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China)

  • Yunyuan Li

    (School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract

Urban parks beautify the environment and promote urban public health, and their spatial allocation is significant in maintaining environmental justice. However, the current allocation of urban parks focuses on quantity fairness and pays insufficient attention to accessibility and quality fairness. This study investigated the core area of Beijing and analyzed the fairness of urban park allocation based on park accessibility, area, and quality. We used big data crawling, the two-step floating catchment area method, comprehensive equity evaluation of parks, spatial autocorrelation, and non-parametric tests. The results showed inequality in terms of accessibility, area, and quality, with high spatial distribution in the north and low spatial distribution in the south. The accessibility, shortest distance, and total area of urban parks in high-income residential areas were 3.0, 2.1, and 1.8 times higher, respectively, than those of the low-income residential areas. This indicates that high-income groups have better accessibility, live closer to, and have access to larger urban parks. Middle-income and above groups had access to green space, whereas medium-to-low-income residential areas had poor access to parks, particularly high-quality parks. These findings provide decision-making and planning references for the optimal allocation and rational planning of urban parks.

Suggested Citation

  • Chang Wang & Siyuan Wang & Yilun Cao & Haojun Yan & Yunyuan Li, 2023. "The Social Equity of Urban Parks in High-Density Urban Areas: A Case Study in the Core Area of Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13849-:d:1242042
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Zhaoyang Liu & Heqing Huang & Juha Siikamäki & Jintao Xu, 2024. "Area-Based Hedonic Pricing of Urban Green Amenities in Beijing: A Spatial Piecewise Approach," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 87(5), pages 1223-1248, May.
    2. Yongwan Choi & Jessica Machado & Gunwoo Kim, 2024. "A Comparative Evaluation of Ecosystem Services Provided by Street Trees in Seoul for the Suggestion of Social Equity," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-22, February.
    3. Geyang Xia & Guofeng He & Xun Zhang, 2024. "Assessing the Spatial Equity of Urban Park Green Space Layout from the Perspective of Resident Heterogeneity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-22, June.

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