IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i9p5218-d802352.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

An Estimation of the Anthropogenic Heat Emissions in Darwin City Using Urban Microclimate Simulations

Author

Listed:
  • Shehani Rajapaksha

    (College of Engineering, Information Technology and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Brinkin, NT 0810, Australia)

  • Raphael Chukwuka Nnachi

    (Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki P.M.B. 1010, Nigeria)

  • Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq

    (College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
    Institute for Sustainable Industries & Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia)

  • Anne W. M. Ng

    (College of Engineering, Information Technology and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Brinkin, NT 0810, Australia)

  • Malik Muneeb Abid

    (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan)

  • Paras Sidiqui

    (Live + Smart Research Laboratory, School of Architecture & Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia)

  • Muhammad Farooq Rais

    (Cosmos Science Corporation, 5 Sagar Road, Lahore Cantt, Lahore 54810, Pakistan)

  • Erum Aamir

    (Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering SCEE, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Luis Herrera Diaz

    (College of Engineering, Information Technology and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Brinkin, NT 0810, Australia)

  • Saeed Kimiaei

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11365, Iran)

  • Hooman Mehdizadeh-Rad

    (College of Engineering, Information Technology and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Brinkin, NT 0810, Australia)

Abstract

The energy consumption due to urbanization and man-made activities has resulted in production of waste, heat, and pollution in the urban environment. These have further resulted in undesirable environmental issues such as the production of excessive Anthropogenic Heat Emissions (AHE), thus leading to an increased Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. The aim of this study was to estimate the total AHE based on the contribution of three major sources of waste heat generation in an urban environment, i.e., buildings, vehicular traffic, and human metabolism. Furthermore, a comparison of dominating anthropogenic heat factor of Darwin with that of other major international cities was carried out. Field measurements of microclimate (temperatures, humidity, solar radiation, and other factors of climate measures) were conducted along Smith Street, Darwin City. Then, surveys were conducted to collect information regarding the buildings, vehicle traffic and Human population (metabolism) in the study area. Each individual component of AHE was calculated based on a conceptual framework of the anthropogenic heat model developed within this study. The results showed that AHE from buildings is the most dominant factor influencing the total AHE in Darwin, contributing to about 87% to 95% of total AHE. This is followed by vehicular traffic (4–13%) and lastly, human metabolism (0.1–0.8%). The study also shows that Darwin gains an average of 990 Wm −2 solar power on a peak day. This study proves that building anthropogenic heat is the major dominating factor influencing the UHI in tropical urban climates.

Suggested Citation

  • Shehani Rajapaksha & Raphael Chukwuka Nnachi & Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq & Anne W. M. Ng & Malik Muneeb Abid & Paras Sidiqui & Muhammad Farooq Rais & Erum Aamir & Luis Herrera Diaz & Saeed Kimiaei, 2022. "An Estimation of the Anthropogenic Heat Emissions in Darwin City Using Urban Microclimate Simulations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5218-:d:802352
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/9/5218/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/9/5218/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mazzone, Antonella, 2020. "Thermal comfort and cooling strategies in the Brazilian Amazon. An assessment of the concept of fuel poverty in tropical climates," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    2. Raktima Dey & Sophie C. Lewis & Julie M. Arblaster & Nerilie J. Abram, 2019. "A review of past and projected changes in Australia's rainfall," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(3), May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bezerra, Paula & Cruz, Talita & Mazzone, Antonella & Lucena, André F.P. & De Cian, Enrica & Schaeffer, Roberto, 2022. "The multidimensionality of energy poverty in Brazil: A historical analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    2. Simshauser, Paul, 2021. "Vulnerable households and fuel poverty: Measuring the efficiency of policy targeting in Queensland," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    3. Kahouli, Sondès & Okushima, Shinichiro, 2021. "Regional energy poverty reevaluated: A direct measurement approach applied to France and Japan," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    4. Paul Simshauser, 2022. "The 2022 energy crisis: horizontal and vertical impacts of policy interventions in Australia's national electricity market," Working Papers EPRG2216, Energy Policy Research Group, Cambridge Judge Business School, University of Cambridge.
    5. Simshauser, Paul & Miller, Wendy, 2023. "On the impact of targeted and universal electricity concessions policy on fuel poverty in the NEM's Queensland region," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1848-1857.
    6. Simshauser, P., 2023. "Fuel poverty in Queensland: horizontal and vertical impacts of the 2022 energy crisis," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2257, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    7. Lan, Jing & Khan, Sufyan Ullah & Sadiq, Muhammad & Chien, Fengsheng & Baloch, Zulfiqar Ali, 2022. "Evaluating energy poverty and its effects using multi-dimensional based DEA-like mathematical composite indicator approach: Findings from Asia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    8. Zhengrong Li & Yang Si & Qun Zhao & Xiwen Feng, 2023. "A New Method of Building Envelope Thermal Performance Evaluation Considering Window–Wall Correlation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-25, October.
    9. Paul Simshauser, 2022. "Fuel Poverty and the 2022 Energy Crisis," Australian Economic Review, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, vol. 55(4), pages 503-514, December.
    10. Gokhan Yildirim & Ataur Rahman, 2022. "Homogeneity and trend analysis of rainfall and droughts over Southeast Australia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 112(2), pages 1657-1683, June.
    11. Simshauser, P., 2021. "Vulnerable households and fuel poverty: policy targeting efficiency in Australia’s National Electricity Market," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2129, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    12. Simshauser, Paul, 2023. "The 2022 energy crisis: Fuel poverty and the impact of policy interventions in Australia's National Electricity Market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    13. Philipp A. Trotter & Tristan Becker & Renaldi Renaldi & Xinfang Wang & Radhika Khosla & Grit Walther, 2023. "The role of supply chains for the sustainability transformation of global food systems: A large‐scale, systematic review of food cold chains," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 27(6), pages 1429-1446, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5218-:d:802352. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.