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Land-Use Changes and Socioeconomic Conditions of Communities along the Carajás Railroad in Eastern Amazonia

Author

Listed:
  • Laís de Andrade Cristo

    (Energy Planning Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil)

  • Marco Aurélio Santos

    (Research Productivity Scholarship from CNPq—National Council of Science, and Energy Planning Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil)

  • Valente José Matlaba

    (Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Belém 66055-090, Brazil)

Abstract

Studies on communities along railroads are relevant because of the impacts of operations on their socioeconomic and environmental conditions. The objective of this paper was to examine 32 communities affected by the Carajas railroad between 2010 and 2017. The socioeconomic and environmental dimensions involved an examination of 17 indicators and a qualitative analysis of Google Earth images, respectively. We applied appropriate statistical tests for data analysis. The results showed that urban communities have better socioeconomic conditions (higher incomes and less poverty) than rural ones; and that those in Maranhão are in a less sustainable situation (poor socioeconomic indicators and significant changes in land cover). The communities near the railroad showed higher variation in socio-environmental conditions. We conclude that socioeconomic and satellite images data analysis can help increase the resilience and sustainability of communities in risk situations. The latter include people with few financial resources, poor housing conditions, and living in areas with significant land cover changes because they provide fundamental data and information that can guide action through the formulation and execution of public policies or decision-making by other agents, such as private companies. Therefore, policymakers, managers, and other stakeholders should focus on community-scale deficiencies, especially in identified priority communities.

Suggested Citation

  • Laís de Andrade Cristo & Marco Aurélio Santos & Valente José Matlaba, 2022. "Land-Use Changes and Socioeconomic Conditions of Communities along the Carajás Railroad in Eastern Amazonia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5132-:d:801193
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cruz, Thiago Leite & Matlaba, Valente José & Mota, José Aroudo & Filipe dos Santos, Jorge, 2021. "Measuring the social license to operate of the mining industry in an Amazonian town: A case study of Canaã dos Carajás, Brazil," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    2. Richard Mitchell & Duncan Lee, 2014. "Is There Really a “Wrong Side of the Tracks”in Urban Areas and Does It Matter for Spatial Analysis?," Annals of the American Association of Geographers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 104(3), pages 432-443, May.
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