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Trends in Emission Inventory of Marine Traffic for Port of Haifa

Author

Listed:
  • Elyakim Ben-Hakoun

    (Department of Transportation and Geo-Information Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel)

  • Eddy Van De Voorde

    (Department of Transport and Regional Economics, Faculty of Applied Economics, The University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium)

  • Yoram Shiftan

    (Department of Transportation and Geo-Information Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel)

Abstract

Located in the Middle East, Haifa Port serves both local and international trade interests (from Asia, Europe, America, Africa, etc.). Due to its strategic location, the port is part of the Belt and Road initiative. This research investigates Haifa Port’s emissions contribution to the existing daily emission inventory level in the area. This research is based on a developed full bottom-up model framework that looks at the single vessel daily voyage through its port call stages. The main data sources for vessel movements used in this research are the Israel Navy’s movements log and the Israel Administration of Shipping and Ports’ (ASP) operational vessel movements and cargo log. The Fuel Consumption (FC) data and Sulfur Content (SC) levels are based on official Israel ASP survey data. The observation years in this research are 2010–2018, with a focus on the Ocean-Going Vessel (OGV) type only. The results show that the vessel fleet calling at Israel ports mainly comprises vessels that have a lower engine tier grade (i.e., Tier 0 and 1), which is considered a heavy contributor to nitrogen oxide (NOx) pollution. The study recommends an additional cost charged (selective tariff) to reflect the external social cost linked to the single vessel air pollution combined with supportive technological infrastructure and economic incentive tools (e.g., electric subsidy) to attract or influence vessel owners to assign vessels equipped with new engine tier grades for calls at Israeli ports.

Suggested Citation

  • Elyakim Ben-Hakoun & Eddy Van De Voorde & Yoram Shiftan, 2022. "Trends in Emission Inventory of Marine Traffic for Port of Haifa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:908-:d:724449
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Olaf Merk, 2014. "Shipping Emissions in Ports," International Transport Forum Discussion Papers 2014/20, OECD Publishing.
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