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Use of E-Waste in Metakaolin Blended Cement Concrete for Sustainable Construction

Author

Listed:
  • Thirumalini Selvaraj

    (School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India)

  • Shanmugapriya T

    (School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India)

  • Senthil Kumar Kaliyavaradhan

    (CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Centre, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India)

  • Kunal Kakria

    (School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India)

  • Ravi Chandra Malladi

    (School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India)

Abstract

This paper investigates the use of non-metallic portion (NMP) reclaimed from e-waste (i.e., waste printed circuit board—PCB) as replacement of natural sand in the blended cement concrete by using Metakaolin (MK) as supplementary cementitious material for its effect on the mechanical, durability, microstructural, and mineralogical properties of concrete. It was found that the blended mixes containing NMP and MK outperformed the control mix. With the addition of 10% NMP and 10% MK, the maximum compressive strength was obtained, with the splitting tensile and flexural strength following the same trend. The performance of the mixes was lowered above 10% replacement levels, although it was still better than the control mixture. When compared to other mixes, 10% NMP and 10% MK concrete had the lowest sorptivity and water absorption values, as well as the highest resistance to chloride-ion penetration. FESEM was used to confirm the results, and then XRD was used to determine the elemental classification. This study lays the groundwork for a long-term strategy for utilising NMP and MK as extremely effective concrete additives.

Suggested Citation

  • Thirumalini Selvaraj & Shanmugapriya T & Senthil Kumar Kaliyavaradhan & Kunal Kakria & Ravi Chandra Malladi, 2022. "Use of E-Waste in Metakaolin Blended Cement Concrete for Sustainable Construction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:24:p:16661-:d:1001514
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Das, A. & Vidyadhar, A. & Mehrotra, S.P., 2009. "A novel flowsheet for the recovery of metal values from waste printed circuit boards," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 53(8), pages 464-469.
    2. Ali Naqi & Jeong Gook Jang, 2019. "Recent Progress in Green Cement Technology Utilizing Low-Carbon Emission Fuels and Raw Materials: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-18, January.
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