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External Shading Devices: Should the Energy Standard Be Supplemented with a Production Stage?

Author

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  • Svetlana Pushkar

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
    Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel)

  • Abraham Yezioro

    (Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel)

Abstract

The Israeli Standard SI5282 rates buildings according to the operational energy (OE) used to support their heating, cooling, and lighting needs. When it was proposed, OE was generally considered to be derived from fossil fuels, such as coal. However, at present, Israel is in the process of transitioning to cleaner energy sources, such as natural gas and renewables. In light of this change, the question that guided this study was as follows: should the production (P) stage of external shading devices be taken into account alongside the OE stage? In this study, we aimed to evaluate the P (environmental damage) and OE (environmental benefit) of five external shading devices with equivalently high energy rates that were installed in a typical office building using cleaner OE sources. We evaluated the environmental impacts using the ReCiPe2016 method. The results indicated that the P stage of the five shading devices led to significantly different degrees of environmental damage, thus reducing the environmental benefits related to the OE stage. Therefore, the five similarly rated shading devices could no longer be considered as equivalent sustainable alternatives. As such, we recommend that the energy rating be supplemented with a P stage environmental evaluation.

Suggested Citation

  • Svetlana Pushkar & Abraham Yezioro, 2022. "External Shading Devices: Should the Energy Standard Be Supplemented with a Production Stage?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:19:p:12690-:d:934415
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Perez, Yael Valerie & Capeluto, Isaac Guedi, 2009. "Climatic considerations in school building design in the hot-humid climate for reducing energy consumption," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(3), pages 340-348, March.
    2. Friedman, Chanoch & Becker, Nir & Erell, Evyatar, 2014. "Energy retrofit of residential building envelopes in Israel: A cost-benefit analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 183-193.
    3. Aiman Mohammed & Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq & Anne Wai Man Ng & Zeeshan Zaheer & Safwan Sadeq & Mahmood Mohammed & Hooman Mehdizadeh-Rad, 2022. "Reducing the Cooling Loads of Buildings Using Shading Devices: A Case Study in Darwin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-20, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Svetlana Pushkar, 2023. "Life-Cycle Assessment of LEED-CI v4 Projects in Shanghai, China: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-15, March.

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