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Despite Being Distinguished as the 2020 European Green Capital, Lisbon Has Lost Public Green Areas over the Previous Decade

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  • Juscidalva Rodrigues de Almeida

    (cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Gustavo Benedito Medeiros Alves

    (Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas—Campus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, São Paulo, Brazil)

  • Reginaldo de Oliveira Nunes

    (Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza (ICEN), da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB), Redenção 62790-000, Ceará, Brazil)

  • Teresa Dias

    (cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal)

Abstract

With the objective of assessing Lisbon’s environmental improvement and sustainable development, we measured the changes in Lisbon’s vegetation cover over the 2010–2020 timeframe considering three categories: public green areas (PGA), street trees (ST), and urban green infrastructure (UGI). We calculated the vegetation cover (m 2 ), vegetation cover per resident (m 2 person −1 ), and % of vegetation cover. PGA and ST covers were made available by the municipality, while UGI cover was estimated from the NDVI calculated from multispectral satellite images (Landsat 7–8). Since only the PGA cover decreased 2% (the ST and UGI covers increased 38% and 5%, respectively), Lisbon has lost PGA over the previous decade. The values of PGA per resident were below the minimum value of 12 m 2 person −1 at the city scale and in most parishes (19 parishes out of 24 in 2020). While the values of % of UGI were above the desired value of 30% at the city scale, in 2020 there were three parishes with values below the minimum of 5%. This information is important to prioritize measures that promote sustainable urbanization in those parishes. Our study raised many questions, suggesting the need to standardize the methods for measuring the urban vegetation.

Suggested Citation

  • Juscidalva Rodrigues de Almeida & Gustavo Benedito Medeiros Alves & Reginaldo de Oliveira Nunes & Teresa Dias, 2022. "Despite Being Distinguished as the 2020 European Green Capital, Lisbon Has Lost Public Green Areas over the Previous Decade," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:19:p:12112-:d:924542
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohammad Reza Khalilnezhad & Francesca Ugolini & Luciano Massetti, 2021. "Attitudes and Behaviors toward the Use of Public and Private Green Space during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-22, October.
    2. Anabela Carvalho & Luísa Schmidt & Filipe Duarte Santos & Ana Delicado, 2014. "Climate change research and policy in Portugal," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(2), pages 199-217, March.
    3. Juscidalva Rodrigues de Almeida & Reginaldo de Oliveira Nunes & Teresa Dias, 2021. "People Prefer Greener Corridors: Evidence from Linking the Patterns of Tree and Shrub Diversity and Users’ Preferences in Lisbon’s Green Corridors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-19, November.
    4. Akanksha Khatri, 2022. "Message to mayors: cities need nature," Nature, Nature, vol. 601(7893), pages 299-299, January.
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