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Study of the Enhancements of Porous Structures of Activated Carbons Produced from Durian Husk Wastes

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  • Tongsai Jamnongkan

    (Department of Fundamental Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Science at Sriracha, Kasetsart University, Chonburi 20230, Thailand)

  • Nitchanan Intaramongkol

    (Department of Fundamental Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Science at Sriracha, Kasetsart University, Chonburi 20230, Thailand)

  • Nattharika Kanjanaphong

    (Department of Fundamental Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Science at Sriracha, Kasetsart University, Chonburi 20230, Thailand)

  • Kemmika Ponjaroen

    (Department of Fundamental Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Science at Sriracha, Kasetsart University, Chonburi 20230, Thailand)

  • Wasana Sriwiset

    (Department of Fundamental Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Science at Sriracha, Kasetsart University, Chonburi 20230, Thailand)

  • Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit

    (Department of Textile Chemistry Technology, Faculty of Industrial Textiles and Fashion Design, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon, Bangkok 10110, Thailand)

  • Piyada Wongwachirakorn

    (Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkarm Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand)

  • Kun-Yi Andrew Lin

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture & Research Center of Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

  • Chih-Feng Huang

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan)

Abstract

The idea of generating high-value practical materials, such as activated carbons, from agricultural wastes as a raw material has been a quite important trend recently due to its positive contributions to the environment and resource savings from biomass. In this paper, activated carbons prepared from durian husk waste by the KOH chemical activation method are studied. We focus on the effects of stages of the activating temperature on their properties. The optimum conditions for activation were a KOH/char ratio of 1:2 at the first and second activation process at the temperatures of 400 and 800 °C, respectively. The characterization results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area showed that the obtained activated carbons have a high surface area and small pore size. The adsorption/desorption isotherms of the obtained activated carbons showed type I and type II isotherms. The chemical structure of obtained activated carbons did not show any variation in the surface functional groups. A feasible method to produce the activated carbons with a high surface area and high adsorption capability from durian husk waste was eventually demonstrated.

Suggested Citation

  • Tongsai Jamnongkan & Nitchanan Intaramongkol & Nattharika Kanjanaphong & Kemmika Ponjaroen & Wasana Sriwiset & Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit & Piyada Wongwachirakorn & Kun-Yi Andrew Lin & Chih-Feng H, 2022. "Study of the Enhancements of Porous Structures of Activated Carbons Produced from Durian Husk Wastes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-11, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:10:p:5896-:d:814465
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jirataya Pansuk & Agapol Junpen & Savitri Garivait, 2018. "Assessment of Air Pollution from Household Solid Waste Open Burning in Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Sun, Shengnan & Yu, Qiongfen & Li, Ming & Zhao, Hong & Wu, Chunxiang, 2019. "Preparation of coffee-shell activated carbon and its application for water vapor adsorption," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 11-19.
    3. Nathaniel Anderson & Hongmei Gu & Richard Bergman, 2021. "Comparison of Novel Biochars and Steam Activated Carbon from Mixed Conifer Mill Residues," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-19, December.
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