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Comparison of Novel Biochars and Steam Activated Carbon from Mixed Conifer Mill Residues

Author

Listed:
  • Nathaniel Anderson

    (United States Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 800 East Beckwith Avenue, Missoula, MT 59801, USA)

  • Hongmei Gu

    (United States Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA)

  • Richard Bergman

    (United States Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA)

Abstract

There is increasing demand in environmental remediation and other sectors for specialized sorbents made from renewable materials rather than hard coals and minerals. The proliferation of new pyrolysis technologies to produce bio-based energy, fuels, chemicals, and bioproducts from biomass has left significant gaps in our understanding of how the various carbonaceous materials produced by these systems respond to processes intended to improve their adsorption properties and commercial value. This study used conventional steam activation in an industrial rotary calciner to produce activated carbon (AC) from softwood biochars made by three novel pyrolysis systems. Steam was injected across four heating zones ranging from 816 °C to 927 °C during paired trials conducted at calciner retention times of 45 min and 60 min. The surface area of the three biochars increased from 2.0, 177.3, and 289.1 m 2 g −1 to 868.4, 1092.9, and 744.8 m 2 g −1 , respectively. AC iodine number ranged from 951 to 1218 mg g −1 , comparing favorably to commercial AC produced from bituminous coal and coconut shell. The results of this study can be used to operationalize steam activation as a post-processing treatment for biochar and to expand markets for biochar as a precursor in the manufacture of specialized industrial sorbents.

Suggested Citation

  • Nathaniel Anderson & Hongmei Gu & Richard Bergman, 2021. "Comparison of Novel Biochars and Steam Activated Carbon from Mixed Conifer Mill Residues," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:24:p:8472-:d:703084
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nathaniel Anderson & J. Greg Jones & Deborah Page-Dumroese & Daniel McCollum & Stephen Baker & Daniel Loeffler & Woodam Chung, 2013. "A Comparison of Producer Gas, Biochar, and Activated Carbon from Two Distributed Scale Thermochemical Conversion Systems Used to Process Forest Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-20, January.
    2. Campbell, Robert M. & Anderson, Nathaniel M. & Daugaard, Daren E. & Naughton, Helen T., 2018. "Financial viability of biofuel and biochar production from forest biomass in the face of market price volatility and uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 330-343.
    3. Sahoo, Kamalakanta & Bilek, Edward & Bergman, Richard & Mani, Sudhagar, 2019. "Techno-economic analysis of producing solid biofuels and biochar from forest residues using portable systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 578-590.
    4. Robert M. Campbell & Nathaniel M. Anderson & Daren E. Daugaard & Helen T. Naughton, 2018. "Technoeconomic and Policy Drivers of Project Performance for Bioenergy Alternatives Using Biomass from Beetle-Killed Trees," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-20, January.
    5. Danish, Mohammed & Ahmad, Tanweer, 2018. "A review on utilization of wood biomass as a sustainable precursor for activated carbon production and application," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 1-21.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tongsai Jamnongkan & Nitchanan Intaramongkol & Nattharika Kanjanaphong & Kemmika Ponjaroen & Wasana Sriwiset & Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit & Piyada Wongwachirakorn & Kun-Yi Andrew Lin & Chih-Feng H, 2022. "Study of the Enhancements of Porous Structures of Activated Carbons Produced from Durian Husk Wastes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-11, May.

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