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Foliar Application of Magnesium at Critical Stages Improved the Productivity of Rice Crop Grown under Different Cultivation Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Hakoomat Ali

    (Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Naeem Sarwar

    (Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Shah Muhammad

    (Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Omer Farooq

    (Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Atique-ur Rehman

    (Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Allah Wasaya

    (Bahadur Sub-Campus, College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Layyah 31200, Pakistan)

  • Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir

    (Bahadur Sub-Campus, College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Layyah 31200, Pakistan)

  • Khurram Mubeen

    (Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Naeem Akhtar

    (Pesticide Quality Control Laboratory, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

Abstract

Climatic variations have created many challenges for farmers, but the most important one is the change in the dynamics of nutrient uptake by plants. Nutrients that were sufficient in soil are now found deficient, an issue that needs more focus in order to sustain crop productivity. Magnesium is very important plant nutrient that has a direct role in chlorophyll synthesis and interacts with other nutrients to manage physiological mechanisms. We designed field experiments focusing on the foliar application of magnesium at different growth and reproductive stages of a rice crop. Results reveal that the combination of rice cultivation system and magnesium application, i.e., flooded rice with Mg application at seedling + tillering + panicle initiation (F 6 T 2 ), significantly improved crop growth and exhibited noticeable results in crop yield and grain quality. Moreover, the rice crop also recorded the highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) when kept flooded and fertilized with Mg at three stages; viz seedling, tillering, and panicle initiation; during both the years. Combined application of magnesium at growth and reproductive stages improved crop performance both in aerobic as well as in flooded rice, but the crop grown under flooded condition showed accelerated performance in both cropping seasons, which reflects its viability and economic feasibility.

Suggested Citation

  • Hakoomat Ali & Naeem Sarwar & Shah Muhammad & Omer Farooq & Atique-ur Rehman & Allah Wasaya & Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir & Khurram Mubeen & Muhammad Naeem Akhtar, 2021. "Foliar Application of Magnesium at Critical Stages Improved the Productivity of Rice Crop Grown under Different Cultivation Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-11, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:9:p:4962-:d:545634
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alam, S.S & Moslehuddin, A.Z.M & Islam, M.R & Kamal, A.M, 2010. "Soil and foliar application of nitrogen for Boro rice (BRRIdhan 29)," Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh Agricultural University Research System (BAURES), vol. 8.
    2. A. J. Challinor & J. Watson & D. B. Lobell & S. M. Howden & D. R. Smith & N. Chhetri, 2014. "A meta-analysis of crop yield under climate change and adaptation," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 4(4), pages 287-291, April.
    3. Bouman, B.A.M. & Hengsdijk, H. & Hardy, B. & Bindraban, P.S. & Tuong, T.P. & Ladha, J.K., 2002. "Water-wise Rice Production," IRRI Books, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), number 281822.
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