IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i8p4374-d536069.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Performance Analysis of a Facade-Integrated Photovoltaic Powered Cooling System

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas Bröthaler

    (Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria)

  • Marcus Rennhofer

    (AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria)

  • Daniel Brandl

    (Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25b, 8010 Graz, Austria)

  • Thomas Mach

    (Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25b, 8010 Graz, Austria)

  • Andreas Heinz

    (Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25b, 8010 Graz, Austria)

  • Gusztáv Újvári

    (AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Vienna, Austria)

  • Helga C. Lichtenegger

    (Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria)

  • Harald Rennhofer

    (Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria)

Abstract

Due to recent changing climate conditions and glazing of building facades, a rapid increase in the requirement of cooling systems can be observed. Still the main energy source for cooling are fossil fuels. In this article we report on a fully integrated approach of running a heat pump for actively cooling a test room by electric energy, generated by facade integrated photovoltaic modules, the “COOLSKIN” system. Photovoltaic facades are emission free in the operation phase, efficiently utilize otherwise unused surfaces, and portray a favorable method in terms of construction physics and the architectural design of buildings. Compared to existing systems, COOLSKIN is an entirely autonomous system where every component is located inside the facade structure which introduces a high level of plug and play character. In this article the analysis of the electric performance of the COOLSKIN system with respect to its operation under different environmental conditions is presented. The over all system efficiency was determined with 73.9%, compared to a simulated efficiency (PV*SOL) of 68.8%, and to the theoretically expected value of 85%. The system behavior is evaluated depending on photovoltaic output and the cooling demand. The analysis shows that a considerable amount of cooling demand could be decentrally fulfilled with photovoltaic energy, but environmental conditions as well as system layout have a considerable impact on system performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Bröthaler & Marcus Rennhofer & Daniel Brandl & Thomas Mach & Andreas Heinz & Gusztáv Újvári & Helga C. Lichtenegger & Harald Rennhofer, 2021. "Performance Analysis of a Facade-Integrated Photovoltaic Powered Cooling System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-21, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:4374-:d:536069
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/8/4374/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/8/4374/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Huang, Bin-Juine & Hou, Tung-Fu & Hsu, Po-Chien & Lin, Tse-Han & Chen, Yan-Tze & Chen, Chi-Wen & Li, Kang & Lee, K.Y., 2016. "Design of direct solar PV driven air conditioner," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 95-101.
    2. Ge, T.S. & Wang, R.Z. & Xu, Z.Y. & Pan, Q.W. & Du, S. & Chen, X.M. & Ma, T. & Wu, X.N. & Sun, X.L. & Chen, J.F., 2018. "Solar heating and cooling: Present and future development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 1126-1140.
    3. Gonçalves, Juliana E. & van Hooff, Twan & Saelens, Dirk, 2021. "Simulating building integrated photovoltaic facades: Comparison to experimental data and evaluation of modelling complexity," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    4. Guo, Siyu & Walsh, Timothy Michael & Peters, Marius, 2013. "Vertically mounted bifacial photovoltaic modules: A global analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 447-454.
    5. Yuhang Liu & Xiangxin Liu & Jianwei Zhang & Yufeng Zhang & Ziyao Zhu, 2020. "A Novel Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Strategy for the Building Integrated Photovoltaic System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-23, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Skandalos, Nikolaos & Wang, Meng & Kapsalis, Vasileios & D'Agostino, Delia & Parker, Danny & Bhuvad, Sushant Suresh & Udayraj, & Peng, Jinqing & Karamanis, Dimitris, 2022. "Building PV integration according to regional climate conditions: BIPV regional adaptability extending Köppen-Geiger climate classification against urban and climate-related temperature increases," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zimmerman, Ryan & Panda, Anurag & Bulović, Vladimir, 2020. "Techno-economic assessment and deployment strategies for vertically-mounted photovoltaic panels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    2. Gao, Yuhe & Ji, Jie & Han, Kedong & Zhang, Feng, 2021. "Experimental and numerical study of a PV/T direct-driven refrigeration/heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    3. Correa-Jullian, Camila & López Droguett, Enrique & Cardemil, José Miguel, 2020. "Operation scheduling in a solar thermal system: A reinforcement learning-based framework," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    4. Johnson, Joji & Manikandan, S., 2023. "Experimental study and model development of bifacial photovoltaic power plants for Indian climatic zones," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    5. Abotaleb, A. & Abdallah, A., 2018. "Performance of bifacial-silicon heterojunction modules under desert environment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 94-101.
    6. Hao, Daning & Qi, Lingfei & Tairab, Alaeldin M. & Ahmed, Ammar & Azam, Ali & Luo, Dabing & Pan, Yajia & Zhang, Zutao & Yan, Jinyue, 2022. "Solar energy harvesting technologies for PV self-powered applications: A comprehensive review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 678-697.
    7. Tao, Yunkun & Bai, Jianbo & Pachauri, Rupendra Kumar & Wang, Yue & Li, Jian & Attaher, Harouna Kerzika, 2021. "Parameterizing mismatch loss in bifacial photovoltaic modules with global deployment: A comprehensive study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    8. Guerrero-Lemus, R. & Vega, R. & Kim, Taehyeon & Kimm, Amy & Shephard, L.E., 2016. "Bifacial solar photovoltaics – A technology review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 1533-1549.
    9. Jouttijärvi, Sami & Lobaccaro, Gabriele & Kamppinen, Aleksi & Miettunen, Kati, 2022. "Benefits of bifacial solar cells combined with low voltage power grids at high latitudes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    10. Liu, Zhijian & Liu, Yuanwei & He, Bao-Jie & Xu, Wei & Jin, Guangya & Zhang, Xutao, 2019. "Application and suitability analysis of the key technologies in nearly zero energy buildings in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 329-345.
    11. Xuebin Ma & Junfeng Li & Yucheng Ren & Reaihan E & Qiugang Wang & Jie Li & Sihui Huang & Mingguo Ma, 2022. "Performance and Economic Analysis of the Multi-Energy Complementary Heating System under Different Control Strategies in Cold Regions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-17, November.
    12. Yujiang He & Xianbiao Bu, 2020. "Performance of Hybrid Single Well Enhanced Geothermal System and Solar Energy for Buildings Heating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-10, May.
    13. Ridha, Hussein Mohammed & Gomes, Chandima & Hizam, Hashim & Ahmadipour, Masoud & Heidari, Ali Asghar & Chen, Huiling, 2021. "Multi-objective optimization and multi-criteria decision-making methods for optimal design of standalone photovoltaic system: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    14. Gonçalves, Juliana E. & Montazeri, Hamid & van Hooff, Twan & Saelens, Dirk, 2021. "Performance of building integrated photovoltaic facades: Impact of exterior convective heat transfer," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).
    15. Andrés Villarruel-Jaramillo & Manuel Pérez-García & José M. Cardemil & Rodrigo A. Escobar, 2021. "Review of Polygeneration Schemes with Solar Cooling Technologies and Potential Industrial Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-30, October.
    16. Chen, C.Q. & Diao, Y.H. & Zhao, Y.H. & Wang, Z.Y. & Liang, L. & Wang, T.Y. & An, Y., 2021. "Optimization of phase change thermal storage units/devices with multichannel flat tubes: A theoretical study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 700-717.
    17. Ibukun Damilola Fajuke & Atanda K. Raji, 2022. "Firefly Algorithm-Based Optimization of the Additional Energy Yield of Bifacial PV Modules," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-13, April.
    18. Laszlo Szabo & Magda Moner- Girona & Arnulf Jäger-Waldau & Ioannis Kougias & Andras Mezosi & Fernando Fahl & Sandor Szabo, 2024. "Impacts of large-scale deployment of vertical bifacial photovoltaics on European electricity market dynamics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.
    19. Anna Mularczyk & Iwona Zdonek & Marian Turek & Stanisław Tokarski, 2022. "Intentions to Use Prosumer Photovoltaic Technology in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-15, August.
    20. Manni, Mattia & Jouttijärvi, Sami & Ranta, Samuli & Miettunen, Kati & Lobaccaro, Gabriele, 2024. "Validation of model chains for global tilted irradiance on East-West vertical bifacial photovoltaics at high latitudes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:4374-:d:536069. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.