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iResponse: An AI and IoT-Enabled Framework for Autonomous COVID-19 Pandemic Management

Author

Listed:
  • Furqan Alam

    (Amity Institute of Information and Technology, Amity University, Jaipur 303007, India)

  • Ahmed Almaghthawi

    (Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia)

  • Iyad Katib

    (Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Aiiad Albeshri

    (Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Rashid Mehmood

    (High Performance Computing Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2, a tiny virus, is severely affecting the social, economic, and environmental sustainability of our planet, causing infections and deaths (2,674,151 deaths, as of 17 March 2021), relationship breakdowns, depression, economic downturn, riots, and much more. The lessons that have been learned from good practices by various countries include containing the virus rapidly; enforcing containment measures; growing COVID-19 testing capability; discovering cures; providing stimulus packages to the affected; easing monetary policies; developing new pandemic-related industries; support plans for controlling unemployment; and overcoming inequalities. Coordination and multi-term planning have been found to be the key among the successful national and global endeavors to fight the pandemic. The current research and practice have mainly focused on specific aspects of COVID-19 response. There is a need to automate the learning process such that we can learn from good and bad practices during pandemics and normal times. To this end, this paper proposes a technology-driven framework, iResponse, for coordinated and autonomous pandemic management, allowing pandemic-related monitoring and policy enforcement, resource planning and provisioning, and data-driven planning and decision-making. The framework consists of five modules: Monitoring and Break-the-Chain, Cure Development and Treatment, Resource Planner, Data Analytics and Decision Making, and Data Storage and Management. All modules collaborate dynamically to make coordinated and informed decisions. We provide the technical system architecture of a system based on the proposed iResponse framework along with the design details of each of its five components. The challenges related to the design of the individual modules and the whole system are discussed. We provide six case studies in the paper to elaborate on the different functionalities of the iResponse framework and how the framework can be implemented. These include a sentiment analysis case study, a case study on the recognition of human activities, and four case studies using deep learning and other data-driven methods to show how to develop sustainability-related optimal strategies for pandemic management using seven real-world datasets. A number of important findings are extracted from these case studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Furqan Alam & Ahmed Almaghthawi & Iyad Katib & Aiiad Albeshri & Rashid Mehmood, 2021. "iResponse: An AI and IoT-Enabled Framework for Autonomous COVID-19 Pandemic Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-52, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:7:p:3797-:d:526455
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thien Khai Tran & Hoa Dinh & Hien Nguyen & Dac-Nhuong Le & Dong-Ky Nguyen & An C. Tran & Viet Nguyen-Hoang & Ha Nguyen Thi Thu & Dinh Hung & Suong Tieu & Canh Khuu & Tuan A. Nguyen, 2021. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on College Students: An Online Survey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-19, September.
    2. Ingi Runar Edvardsson & Susanne Durst, 2021. "Human Resource Management in Crisis Situations: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-17, November.
    3. Christina Kakderi & Eleni Oikonomaki & Ilektra Papadaki, 2021. "Smart and Resilient Urban Futures for Sustainability in the Post COVID-19 Era: A Review of Policy Responses on Urban Mobility," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-21, June.
    4. Ben Zhang & Chenxu Ming, 2023. "Digital Transformation and Open Innovation Planning of Response to COVID-19 Outbreak: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-26, February.

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