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Estimation of Spatial and Seasonal Variability of Soil Erosion in a Cold Arid River Basin in Hindu Kush Mountainous Region Using Remote Sensing

Author

Listed:
  • Ziauddin Safari

    (School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Sayed Tamim Rahimi

    (School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Kamal Ahmed

    (Department of Water Resource Management, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Lasbela, Balochistan 90150, Pakistan)

  • Ahmad Sharafati

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)

  • Ghaith Falah Ziarh

    (School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Shamsuddin Shahid

    (School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Tarmizi Ismail

    (School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Nadhir Al-Ansari

    (Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187 Lulea, Sweden)

  • Eun-Sung Chung

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea)

  • Xiaojun Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
    Research Center for Climate Change, Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210029, China)

Abstract

An approach is proposed in the present study to estimate the soil erosion in data-scarce Kokcha subbasin in Afghanistan. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model is used to estimate soil erosion. The satellite-based data are used to obtain the RUSLE factors. The results show that the slight (71.34%) and moderate (25.46%) erosion are dominated in the basin. In contrast, the high erosion (0.01%) is insignificant in the study area. The highest amount of erosion is observed in Rangeland (52.2%) followed by rainfed agriculture (15.1%) and barren land (9.8%) while a little or no erosion is found in areas with fruit trees, forest and shrubs, and irrigated agriculture land. The highest soil erosion was observed in summer (June–August) due to snow melting from high mountains. The spatial distribution of soil erosion revealed higher risk in foothills and degraded lands. It is expected that the methodology presented in this study for estimation of spatial and seasonal variability soil erosion in a remote mountainous river basin can be replicated in other similar regions for management of soil, agriculture, and water resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Ziauddin Safari & Sayed Tamim Rahimi & Kamal Ahmed & Ahmad Sharafati & Ghaith Falah Ziarh & Shamsuddin Shahid & Tarmizi Ismail & Nadhir Al-Ansari & Eun-Sung Chung & Xiaojun Wang, 2021. "Estimation of Spatial and Seasonal Variability of Soil Erosion in a Cold Arid River Basin in Hindu Kush Mountainous Region Using Remote Sensing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:1549-:d:491433
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mohammad Naser Sediqi & Mohammed Sanusi Shiru & Mohamed Salem Nashwan & Rawshan Ali & Shadan Abubaker & Xiaojun Wang & Kamal Ahmed & Shamsuddin Shahid & Md. Asaduzzaman & Sayed Mir Agha Manawi, 2019. "Spatio-Temporal Pattern in the Changes in Availability and Sustainability of Water Resources in Afghanistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Filomena Canora & Annachiara D'Angella & Antonello Aiello, 2015. "Quantitative assessment of the sensitivity to desertification in the Bradano River basin (Basilicata, southern Italy)," Journal of Maps, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(5), pages 745-759, October.
    3. Qureshi, A. S., 2002. "Water resources management in Afghanistan: The issues and options," IWMI Working Papers H031284, International Water Management Institute.
    4. David Pimentel & Michael Burgess, 2013. "Soil Erosion Threatens Food Production," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 3(3), pages 1-21, August.
    5. Masood Ahmad & Mahwash Wasiq, 2004. "Water Resource Development in Northern Afghanistan and Its Implications for Amu Darya Basin," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 14939.
    6. Karl M. Wantzen & Jan H. Mol, 2013. "Soil Erosion from Agriculture and Mining: A Threat to Tropical Stream Ecosystems," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 3(4), pages 1-24, September.
    7. Rattan Lal, 2015. "Restoring Soil Quality to Mitigate Soil Degradation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-21, May.
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