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Improvement of Temperature and Humidity Control of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Author

Listed:
  • Shusheng Xiong

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Zhankuan Wu

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Wei Li

    (College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Daize Li

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Teng Zhang

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Yu Lan

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Xiaoxuan Zhang

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Shuyan Ye

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Shuhao Peng

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Zeyu Han

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Jiarui Zhu

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Qiujie Song

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Zhixiao Jiao

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Xiaofeng Wu

    (College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Heqing Huang

    (College of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717, USA)

Abstract

Temperature and humidity are two important interconnected factors in the performance of PEMFCs (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells). The fuel and oxidant humidity and stack temperature in a fuel cell were analyzed in this study. There are many factors that affect the temperature and humidity of the stack. We adopt the fuzzy control method of multi-input and multi-output to control the temperature and humidity of the stack. A model including a driver, vehicle, transmission motor, air feeding, electrical network, stack, hydrogen supply and cooling system was established to study the fuel cell performance. A fuzzy controller is proven to be better in improving the output power of fuel cells. The three control objectives are the fan speed control for regulating temperature, the solenoid valve on/off control of the bubble humidifier for humidity variation and the speed of the pump for regulating temperature difference. In addition, the results from the PID controller stack model and the fuzzy controller stack model are compared in this research. The fuel cell bench test has been built to validate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy control. The maximum temperature of the stack can be reduced by 5 °C with the fuzzy control in this paper, so the fuel cell output voltage (power) increases by an average of approximately 5.8%.

Suggested Citation

  • Shusheng Xiong & Zhankuan Wu & Wei Li & Daize Li & Teng Zhang & Yu Lan & Xiaoxuan Zhang & Shuyan Ye & Shuhao Peng & Zeyu Han & Jiarui Zhu & Qiujie Song & Zhixiao Jiao & Xiaofeng Wu & Heqing Huang, 2021. "Improvement of Temperature and Humidity Control of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:19:p:10578-:d:641785
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Zenan Shen & Shaoquan Liu & Wei Zhu & Daoyuan Ren & Qiang Xu & Yu Feng, 2024. "A Review on Key Technologies and Developments of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Multi-Rotor Drones," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-36, August.
    2. Bai, Xingying & Jian, Qifei, 2023. "Experimental study of a passive thermal management system using vapor chamber for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    3. Zhi Chen & Yanfeng Xing & Juyong Cao & Fuyong Yang & Xiaobing Zhang, 2023. "Leakage Analysis of PEMFC Sealing System Considering Temperature Cycling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-16, July.
    4. Hao Huang & Hua Ding & Donghai Hu & Zhaoxu Cheng & Chengyun Qiu & Yuran Shen & Xiangwen Su, 2023. "Thermal Performance Optimization of Multiple Circuits Cooling System for Fuel Cell Vehicle," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-23, February.
    5. Haibo Huo & Jiajie Chen & Ke Wang & Fang Wang & Guangzhe Jin & Fengxiang Chen, 2023. "State Estimation of Membrane Water Content of PEMFC Based on GA-BP Neural Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-16, June.
    6. Fan, Ruijia & Chang, Guofeng & Xu, Yiming & Zhang, Yuanzhi & Wei, Pengnan, 2024. "Enhancing PEM fuel cell dynamic performance: Co-optimization of cathode catalyst layer composition and operating conditions using a novel surrogate model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    7. Yang, Luo & Nik-Ghazali, Nik-Nazri & Ali, Mohammed A.H. & Chong, Wen Tong & Yang, Zhenzhong & Liu, Haichao, 2023. "A review on thermal management in proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Temperature distribution and control," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    8. Shantanu Pardhi & Sajib Chakraborty & Dai-Duong Tran & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Steven Wilkins & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "A Review of Fuel Cell Powertrains for Long-Haul Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Technology, Hydrogen, Energy and Thermal Management Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-55, December.
    9. Hu, Donghai & Hou, Wenshuo & Cheng, Zhaoxu & Feng, Chunxiao & Lu, Dagang & Yi, Fengyan & Yang, Qingqing & Li, Jianwei & Wang, Jing, 2024. "A temperature fluctuation suppression control method of fuel cell vehicles to reduce hydrogen consumption," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    10. Zhiming Zhang & Zhihao Chen & Kunpeng Li & Xinfeng Zhang & Caizhi Zhang & Tong Zhang, 2023. "A Multi-Field Coupled PEMFC Model with Force-Temperature-Humidity and Experimental Validation for High Electrochemical Performance Design," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-17, August.
    11. Yuqi Han & Weilin Zhuge & Jie Peng & Yuping Qian & Yangjun Zhang, 2023. "Numerical Investigation on Internal Structures of Ultra-Thin Heat Pipes for PEM Fuel Cells Cooling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-22, January.

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