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Used Tires as Fuel in Clinker Production: Economic and Environmental Implications

Author

Listed:
  • Ana María Castañón

    (E.S.T.I. de Minas, Campus de Vegazana s.n., University of León, 24071 León, Spain)

  • Lluís Sanmiquel

    (Department of Mining, Industrial and ICT Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), 08242 Manresa, Spain)

  • Marc Bascompta

    (Department of Mining, Industrial and ICT Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), 08242 Manresa, Spain)

  • Antonio Vega y de la Fuente

    (Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), 4249-015 Porto, Portugal)

  • Víctor Contreras

    (E.S.T.I. de Minas, Campus de Vegazana s.n., University of León, 24071 León, Spain)

  • Fernando Gómez-Fernández

    (E.S.T.I. de Minas, Campus de Vegazana s.n., University of León, 24071 León, Spain)

Abstract

This work analyzes how gases emitted during the manufacture of clinker vary in a cement plant using two types of fuel: petroleum coke and unusable tires (UTs). This study is based on a case study using real time data on more than 40 process variables. Gases are analyzed from two points of the production process: from the sintering kiln, where the main focus of emissions to the atmosphere is by chimney, and from the preheater. The variation of CO and NO x depending on the oxygen and fuel type is studied. The SO 2 levels are also analyzed and a decrease was observed when using the UTs. The quality of the clinker is compared according to the fuel type. The results are analyzed, on the one hand, by the quality of the clinker, determined by the content of the majority (C 3 S, alite) and minority (free CaO) phases, and, on the other hand, by the kiln sintering temperature, the most influential parameter in the productive process. It is verified that the clinker quality is maintained regardless of the type of fuel used. Therefore, the use of UTs as fuel could generate important economic and environmental benefits for cement companies.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana María Castañón & Lluís Sanmiquel & Marc Bascompta & Antonio Vega y de la Fuente & Víctor Contreras & Fernando Gómez-Fernández, 2021. "Used Tires as Fuel in Clinker Production: Economic and Environmental Implications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:18:p:10455-:d:639389
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cao, Zhi & Shen, Lei & Zhao, Jianan & Liu, Litao & Zhong, Shuai & Yang, Yan, 2016. "Modeling the dynamic mechanism between cement CO2 emissions and clinker quality to realize low-carbon cement," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 116-126.
    2. Azad Rahman & Mohammad G. Rasul & M.M.K. Khan & Subhash C. Sharma, 2017. "Assessment of Energy Performance and Emission Control Using Alternative Fuels in Cement Industry through a Process Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
    3. Alessandra Cantini & Leonardo Leoni & Filippo De Carlo & Marcello Salvio & Chiara Martini & Fabrizio Martini, 2021. "Technological Energy Efficiency Improvements in Cement Industries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-28, March.
    4. Safwat Hemidat & Motasem Saidan & Salam Al-Zu’bi & Mahmoud Irshidat & Abdallah Nassour & Michael Nelles, 2019. "Potential Utilization of RDF as an Alternative Fuel to be Used in Cement Industry in Jordan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-23, October.
    5. Oscar O. Ortíz-Rodríguez & William Ocampo-Duque & Laura I. Duque-Salazar, 2017. "Environmental Impact of End-of-Life Tires: Life Cycle Assessment Comparison of Three Scenarios from a Case Study in Valle Del Cauca, Colombia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-13, December.
    6. Xindi Xu & Qinyun Wang & Haichao Hu & Xinjun Wang, 2021. "Air Pollution Control: An Analysis of China’s Industrial Off-Peak Production Policy through the Quasi-Natural Experiment Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-18, April.
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