IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i14p7648-d590964.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Using Onboard-Produced Drinking Water to Achieve Ballast-Free Management

Author

Listed:
  • Kun-Tu Lu

    (Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan)

  • Hon-Kit Lui

    (Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan)

  • Chen-Tung Arthur Chen

    (Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan)

  • Li-Lian Liu

    (Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan)

  • Lei Yang

    (Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan)

  • Cheng-Di Dong

    (Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan)

  • Chiu-Wen Chen

    (Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan)

Abstract

Based on the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (the Ballast Water Management Convention, or BWM Convention) of the International Maritime Organization, from 8 September 2017, all ships must have an approved Ballast Water Management Treatment System (BWTS) to prevent the invasion of alien species through the discharge of ballast. Generally speaking, the need for an approved BWTS is limited to large vessels, as they are too large or too expensive for small vessels to install. This study aims to propose a simple ballast-free approach for small vessels (e.g., tugs, workboats, research vessels) that require ballast to compensate for the weight loss of fuel when sailing. Our approach involves refitting the dedicated ballast tank of these small vessels to be drinking water tanks and filling the tanks with onboard-generated distilled or reverse osmosis water to adjust the stability of the ships. We assessed our approach using three vessels. Two ships using our proposed method were certified by the American Bureau of Shipping as containing no ballast water tank, and not being subject to the BWM Convention. This study provides an environmentally harmless, easy to use, and economical approach for small vessels to comply with the BWM Convention.

Suggested Citation

  • Kun-Tu Lu & Hon-Kit Lui & Chen-Tung Arthur Chen & Li-Lian Liu & Lei Yang & Cheng-Di Dong & Chiu-Wen Chen, 2021. "Using Onboard-Produced Drinking Water to Achieve Ballast-Free Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-12, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:14:p:7648-:d:590964
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/14/7648/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/14/7648/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fernandes, Jose A. & Santos, Lionel & Vance, Thomas & Fileman, Tim & Smith, David & Bishop, John D.D. & Viard, Frédérique & Queirós, Ana M. & Merino, Gorka & Buisman, Erik & Austen, Melanie C., 2016. "Costs and benefits to European shipping of ballast-water and hull-fouling treatment: Impacts of native and non-indigenous species," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 148-155.
    2. Okko Outinen & Sarah A Bailey & Katja Broeg & Joël Chasse & Stacey Clarke & Rémi M Daigle & Stephan Gollasch & Jenni E Kakkonen & Maiju Lehtiniemi & Monika Normant-Saremba & Dawson Ogilvie & Frederiqu, 2021. "Exceptions and exemptions under the ballast water management convention – Sustainable alternatives for ballast water management?," Post-Print hal-03321948, HAL.
    3. Bax, Nicholas & Williamson, Angela & Aguero, Max & Gonzalez, Exequiel & Geeves, Warren, 2003. "Marine invasive alien species: a threat to global biodiversity," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 27(4), pages 313-323, July.
    4. Scriven, Danielle R. & DiBacco, Claudio & Locke, Andrea & Therriault, Thomas W., 2015. "Ballast water management in Canada: A historical perspective and implications for the future," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 121-133.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Fernandes, Jose A. & Santos, Lionel & Vance, Thomas & Fileman, Tim & Smith, David & Bishop, John D.D. & Viard, Frédérique & Queirós, Ana M. & Merino, Gorka & Buisman, Erik & Austen, Melanie C., 2016. "Costs and benefits to European shipping of ballast-water and hull-fouling treatment: Impacts of native and non-indigenous species," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 148-155.
    2. Philjae Kim & Tae Joong Yoon & Sook Shin, 2020. "Environmental DNA and Specific Primers for Detecting the Invasive Species Ectopleura crocea (Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata) in Seawater Samples," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-17, March.
    3. Gallagher, M.C. & Arnold, M. & Kadaub, E. & Culloty, S. & O’Riordan, R.M. & McAllen, R. & Rachinskii, D., 2020. "Competing barnacle species with a time dependent reproduction rate," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 12-24.
    4. Elofsson, Katarina & Bengtsson, Goran & Gren, Ing-Marie, 2011. "Optimal Management of Invasive Species with Different Reproduction and Survival Strategies," 2011 International Congress, August 30-September 2, 2011, Zurich, Switzerland 114343, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    5. Marc Franch & Gustavo A. Llorente & Maria Rieradevall & Albert Montori & Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles, 2022. "Coexistence of Native and Invasive Freshwater Turtles: The Llobregat Delta (NE Iberian Peninsula) as a Case Study," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-18, September.
    6. Zhaojun Wang & Duy Nong & Amanda M. Countryman & James J. Corbett & Travis Warziniack, 2020. "Potential impacts of ballast water regulations on international trade, shipping patterns, and the global economy: An integrated transportation and economic modeling assessment," Papers 2008.11334, arXiv.org.
    7. Zhaojun Wang & Amanda M. Countryman & James J. Corbett & Mandana Saebi, 2021. "Economic and environmental impacts of ballast water management on Small Island Developing States and Least Developed Countries," Papers 2108.13315, arXiv.org.
    8. Rodríguez-Labajos, Beatriz & Binimelis, Rosa & Monterroso, Iliana, 2009. "Multi-level driving forces of biological invasions," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 63-75, November.
    9. Okko Outinen & Sarah A Bailey & Katja Broeg & Joël Chasse & Stacey Clarke & Rémi M Daigle & Stephan Gollasch & Jenni E Kakkonen & Maiju Lehtiniemi & Monika Normant-Saremba & Dawson Ogilvie & Frederiqu, 2021. "Exceptions and exemptions under the ballast water management convention – Sustainable alternatives for ballast water management?," Post-Print hal-03321948, HAL.
    10. Shucksmith, Rachel J & Shelmerdine, Richard L, 2015. "A risk based approach to non-native species management and biosecurity planning," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 32-43.
    11. Chunchang Zhang & Jia Zhu & Huiru Guo & Shuye Xue & Xian Wang & Zhihuan Wang & Taishan Chen & Liu Yang & Xiangming Zeng & Penghao Su, 2024. "Technical Requirements for 2023 IMO GHG Strategy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-16, March.
    12. C, O. Mauricio Hernandez & Shadman, Milad & Amiri, Mojtaba Maali & Silva, Corbiniano & Estefen, Segen F. & La Rovere, Emilio, 2021. "Environmental impacts of offshore wind installation, operation and maintenance, and decommissioning activities: A case study of Brazil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    13. Alisha D Davidson & Chad L Hewitt & Donna R Kashian, 2015. "Understanding Acceptable Level of Risk: Incorporating the Economic Cost of Under-Managing Invasive Species," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(11), pages 1-12, November.
    14. Fleischer, Aliza & Shafir, Sharoni & Mandelik, Yael, 2013. "A proactive approach for assessing alternative management programs for an invasive alien pollinator species," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 126-132.
    15. Seongjun Bae & Michael Dadole Ubagan & Sook Shin & Dong Gun Kim, 2022. "Comparison of Recruitment Patterns of Sessile Marine Invertebrates According to Substrate Characteristics," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-17, January.
    16. Liu, Ta-Kang & Chang, Chi-Hsin & Chou, Ming-Li, 2014. "Management strategies to prevent the introduction of non-indigenous aquatic species in response to the Ballast Water Convention in Taiwan," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 187-195.
    17. Katarina Elofsson & Ing-Marie Gren, 2015. "Regulating invasive species with different life history," Journal of Bioeconomics, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 113-136, July.
    18. Lucy G Anderson & Steve Rocliffe & Neal R Haddaway & Alison M Dunn, 2015. "The Role of Tourism and Recreation in the Spread of Non-Native Species: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-15, October.
    19. Sambrook, Katie & Holt, Rohan H.F. & Sharp, Rowland & Griffith, Kate & Roche, Ronan C. & Newstead, Rebekah G. & Wyn, Gabrielle & Jenkins, Stuart R., 2014. "Capacity, capability and cross-border challenges associated with marine eradication programmes in Europe: The attempted eradication of an invasive non-native ascidian, Didemnum vexillum in Wales, Unit," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 51-58.
    20. Ditty, J.M. & Rezende, C.E., 2014. "Unjust and unsustainable: A case study of the Açu port industrial complex," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 82-88.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:14:p:7648-:d:590964. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.