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Outside Dynamic Evacuation Routes to Escape a Wildfire: A Prototype App for Forest Firefighters

Author

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  • Kerly Castro-Basurto

    (Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador)

  • Freddy Jijon-Veliz

    (Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador)

  • Washington Medina

    (Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador)

  • Washington Velasquez

    (Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Ecuador)

Abstract

This paper describes a prototype application to use different algorithms for creating optimal evacuation routes in the presence of a wildfire with a dynamic event-based update. The application uses a meteorological API that obtains real-time temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, speed, and wind direction of each location within an area using geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) for creating a sensor network. The data are stored in a database for monitoring and visualization using the open-source platform Grafana, which includes an early warning mechanism that sends messages when it detects a temperature outside the normal range. Three different simulation scenarios were evaluated, varying the fire’s starting point coordinates and the evacuation route. The results show that the algorithm reacts to the presence of fire, maximizing safety margins even on longer evacuation routes. The prototype can be used to create an application to fight forest fires and safeguard rescue agents’ lives.

Suggested Citation

  • Kerly Castro-Basurto & Freddy Jijon-Veliz & Washington Medina & Washington Velasquez, 2021. "Outside Dynamic Evacuation Routes to Escape a Wildfire: A Prototype App for Forest Firefighters," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-16, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:13:p:7295-:d:584937
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maja Stula & Damir Krstinic & Ljiljana Seric, 2012. "Intelligent forest fire monitoring system," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 725-739, July.
    2. Washington Velasquez & Manuel S. Alvarez-Alvarado, 2021. "Outdoors Evacuation Routes Algorithm Using Cellular Automata and Graph Theory for Uphills and Downhills," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, April.
    3. Pursals, Salvador Casadesús & Garzón, Federico Garriga, 2009. "Optimal building evacuation time considering evacuation routes," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 192(2), pages 692-699, January.
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