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Citywide Energy-Related CO 2 Emissions and Sustainability Assessment of the Development of Low-Carbon Policy in Chiang Mai, Thailand

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  • Sittisak Sugsaisakon

    (Environment Development and Sustainability (EDS) Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand)

  • Suthirat Kittipongvises

    (Environmental Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand)

Abstract

Cities are one of the key contributors to the environment and sustainability. This study aims to quantify citywide energy-related CO 2 emissions and assess the sustainability feasibility of implementing climate change mitigation policies in Chiang Mai, Thailand. By employing the GPC method, it was found that the average energy-related CO 2 emission in Chiang Mai from 2015 to 2019 was 2,146,060 tCO 2 eq. Residences, industries (i.e., food preservation industries), and commercial and governmental buildings were the top three energy consumption-related GHG emitters. According to the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), in terms of mitigation measures, LED lighting presented the highest score (0.380), followed by improving air conditioning efficiency (0.278), and the use of energy-efficient appliances (0.203). Energy-efficient technologies would be more feasible than the development of renewable energy technologies to lower CO 2 emissions. In terms of sustainability, political, technical, and economic feasibility criteria presented the highest AHP score (0.789), followed by human and social dimensions criteria (0.129), and environmental performance criteria (0.073). Policy possibility had the highest AHP score, while direct contribution to climate benefits as GHG reduction presented the lowest score. The integration of climate mitigation opportunities into national policies, the green industry scheme, and promoting residents’ self-determined motivation are urgently recommended.

Suggested Citation

  • Sittisak Sugsaisakon & Suthirat Kittipongvises, 2021. "Citywide Energy-Related CO 2 Emissions and Sustainability Assessment of the Development of Low-Carbon Policy in Chiang Mai, Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:12:p:6789-:d:575662
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pan, Xiongfeng & Wang, Mengyang & Li, Mengna, 2023. "Low-carbon policy and industrial structure upgrading: Based on the perspective of strategic interaction among local governments," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).

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