IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i11p6394-d568784.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Fuzzy AHP-MAIRCA Model for Overtourism Assessment: The Case of Malaga Province

Author

Listed:
  • Josefa García Mestanza

    (The University Institute of Tourism Intelligence Research of the University of Malaga (i3t), 29016 Málaga, Spain)

  • Rim Bakhat

    (Management Logistics and Applied Management Department, School of Economics Sciences, University of Abdel Malek Essaidi, Tangier 1373, Morocco)

Abstract

The unexpected outbreak of COVID-19 has placed the tourism sector in an unfavourable position. It has altered the reality of destinations worldwide, changing the paradigm of tourism and showing an unusual scenario within the tourism sector, the undertourism. This paper confirms how this global pandemic has put the Spanish tourism sector at a halt, making it essential to establish public–private response strategies that reactivate it and, in turn, avoid overtourism in the post-COVID-19 scenario. This is done to emphasise the necessity of embracing an adapted systematic approach that entails a realistic set of factors to quantitatively measure the impact of overtourism on the local community. In this sense, a fuzzy modified hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach is proposed, combining the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model, the multi-attribute ideal–real comparative analysis (MAIRCA) model, and the sensitivity analysis. The modified F-AHP model is used to identify the criteria importance. For the final ranking of the considered alternative municipalities, the modified F-MAIRCA is applied. To validate the applicability of the proposed approach, we designated the province of Malaga (Costa del Sol) as an empirical study. The findings show that the municipality of Nerja was the most affected by overtourism in the pre-pandemic scenario, and today it is found in undertourism. This calls for transformative decisions of fully engaged tourism policymakers and practitioners to thrive in the post-COVID-19 tourism scenarios in terms of sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Josefa García Mestanza & Rim Bakhat, 2021. "A Fuzzy AHP-MAIRCA Model for Overtourism Assessment: The Case of Malaga Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-32, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:11:p:6394-:d:568784
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/11/6394/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/11/6394/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dalia Perkumienė & Rasa Pranskūnienė, 2019. "Overtourism: Between the Right to Travel and Residents’ Rights," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-17, April.
    2. Ko Koens & Albert Postma & Bernadett Papp, 2018. "Is Overtourism Overused? Understanding the Impact of Tourism in a City Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, November.
    3. Hugues Séraphin & Mustafeed Zaman & Sharon Olver & Stéphane Bourliataux-Lajoinie & Frederic Dosquet, 2019. "Destination branding and overtourism," Post-Print hal-03165059, HAL.
    4. José María Martín Martín & Jose Manuel Guaita Martínez & José Antonio Salinas Fernández, 2018. "An Analysis of the Factors behind the Citizen’s Attitude of Rejection towards Tourism in a Context of Overtourism and Economic Dependence on This Activity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-18, August.
    5. Agnieszka Stacherzak & Maria Hełdak, 2019. "Borough Development Dependent on Agricultural, Tourism, and Economy Levels," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, January.
    6. Mohammad Mahmoudi Maymand & Seyed Hojjat Bazazzadeh & Roya Eghbal, 2017. "A hybrid MCDM model for identification and prioritisation of the factors affecting shopping behaviour of foreign tourists," International Journal of Services and Operations Management, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 26(3), pages 294-317.
    7. Moisés Simancas Cruz & María Pilar Peñarrubia Zaragoza, 2019. "Analysis of the Accommodation Density in Coastal Tourism Areas of Insular Destinations from the Perspective of Overtourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-19, May.
    8. Chang, Da-Yong, 1996. "Applications of the extent analysis method on fuzzy AHP," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 95(3), pages 649-655, December.
    9. Liu, Chui-Hua & Tzeng, Gwo-Hshiung & Lee, Ming-Huei, 2012. "Improving tourism policy implementation – The use of hybrid MCDM models," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 413-426.
    10. Alptekin Ulutas & Nagesh Shukla & Senevi Kiridena & Peter Gibson, 2016. "A utility-driven approach to supplier evaluation and selection: empirical validation of an integrated solution framework," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(5), pages 1554-1567, March.
    11. Professor Snezana UROSEVIC & Darjan KARABASEVIC & Dragisa STANUJKIC & Mladjan MAKSIMOVIC, 2017. "An Approach to Personnel Selection in the Tourism Industry Based on the SWARA and the WASPAS Methods," ECONOMIC COMPUTATION AND ECONOMIC CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND RESEARCH, Faculty of Economic Cybernetics, Statistics and Informatics, vol. 51(1), pages 75-88.
    12. Vaidya, Omkarprasad S. & Kumar, Sushil, 2006. "Analytic hierarchy process: An overview of applications," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 169(1), pages 1-29, February.
    13. Tolga Genç & José António Filipe, 2016. "A fuzzy MCDM approach for choosing a tourism destination in Portugal," International Journal of Business and Systems Research, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 10(1), pages 23-44.
    14. Mahmut BAKIR & Şahap AKAN & Kasım KIRACI & Darjan KARABASEVIC & Dragisa STANUJKIC & Gabrijela POPOVIC, 2020. "Multiple-Criteria Approach of the Operational Performance Evaluation in the Airline Industry: Evidence from the Emerging Markets," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(2), pages 149-172, July.
    15. Alptekin Ulutaş & Darjan Karabasevic & Gabrijela Popovic & Dragisa Stanujkic & Phong Thanh Nguyen & Çağatay Karaköy, 2020. "Development of a Novel Integrated CCSD-ITARA-MARCOS Decision-Making Approach for Stackers Selection in a Logistics System," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-15, October.
    16. Jyrki Wallenius & James S. Dyer & Peter C. Fishburn & Ralph E. Steuer & Stanley Zionts & Kalyanmoy Deb, 2008. "Multiple Criteria Decision Making, Multiattribute Utility Theory: Recent Accomplishments and What Lies Ahead," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 54(7), pages 1336-1349, July.
    17. Abbas Mardani & Ahmad Jusoh & Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas & Fausto Cavallaro & Zainab Khalifah, 2015. "Sustainable and Renewable Energy: An Overview of the Application of Multiple Criteria Decision Making Techniques and Approaches," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(10), pages 1-38, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Anas A. Makki & Reda M. S. Abdulaal, 2023. "A Hybrid MCDM Approach Based on Fuzzy MEREC-G and Fuzzy RATMI," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-19, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. John Vourdoubas, 2020. "An Appraisal of Over-tourism on the Island of Crete, Greece," International Journal of Global Sustainability, Macrothink Institute, vol. 4(1), pages 63-77, December.
    2. Moisés Simancas Cruz & María Pilar Peñarrubia Zaragoza, 2019. "Analysis of the Accommodation Density in Coastal Tourism Areas of Insular Destinations from the Perspective of Overtourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-19, May.
    3. María-del-Mar Alonso-Almeida & Fernando Borrajo-Millán & Liu Yi, 2019. "Are Social Media Data Pushing Overtourism? The Case of Barcelona and Chinese Tourists," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-17, June.
    4. Bruno S Frey & Andre Briviba, 2021. "Revived Originals – A proposal to deal with cultural overtourism," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(6), pages 1221-1236, September.
    5. Maximilian Benner, 2020. "The Decline of Tourist Destinations: An Evolutionary Perspective on Overtourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-14, May.
    6. Hugo Padrón-Ávila & Raúl Hernández-Martín, 2019. "Preventing Overtourism by Identifying the Determinants of Tourists’ Choice of Attractions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-17, September.
    7. Rubio-Aliaga, Alvaro & García-Cascales, M. Socorro & Sánchez-Lozano, Juan Miguel & Molina-Garcia, Angel, 2021. "MCDM-based multidimensional approach for selection of optimal groundwater pumping systems: Design and case example," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 213-224.
    8. Wang, Ying-Ming & Luo, Ying & Hua, Zhongsheng, 2008. "On the extent analysis method for fuzzy AHP and its applications," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 186(2), pages 735-747, April.
    9. Govindan, Kannan & Jepsen, Martin Brandt, 2016. "ELECTRE: A comprehensive literature review on methodologies and applications," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 250(1), pages 1-29.
    10. Kinga Kostrakiewicz-Gierałt & Artur Pliszko & Katarzyna Gmyrek-Gołąb, 2020. "The Effect of Visitors on the Properties of Vegetation of Calcareous Grasslands in the Context of Width and Distances from Tourist Trails," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-28, January.
    11. Raniah Alsahafi & Ahmed Alzahrani & Rashid Mehmood, 2023. "Smarter Sustainable Tourism: Data-Driven Multi-Perspective Parameter Discovery for Autonomous Design and Operations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-64, February.
    12. Paweł Karczmarek & Witold Pedrycz & Adam Kiersztyn, 2021. "Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process in a Graphical Approach," Group Decision and Negotiation, Springer, vol. 30(2), pages 463-481, April.
    13. Santos-Rojo, Cristina & Llopis-Amorós, Malar & García-García, Juan Manuel, 2023. "Overtourism and sustainability: A bibliometric study (2018–2021)," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    14. Hjalager, Anne-Mette, 2020. "Land-use conflicts in coastal tourism and the quest for governance innovations," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    15. Elleuch, Mohamed Ali & Anane, Makram & Euchi, Jalel & Frikha, Ahmed, 2019. "Hybrid fuzzy multi-criteria decision making to solve the irrigation water allocation problem in the Tunisian case," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    16. Xue Ding & Mengling Qin & Linsen Yin & Dayong Lv & Yao Bai, 2023. "Research on FinTech Talent Evaluation Index System and Recruitment Strategy: Evidence From Shanghai in China," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, November.
    17. Betsabé Pérez Garrido & Szabolcs Szilárd Sebrek & Viktoriia Semenova & Damla Bal & Gábor Michalkó, 2022. "Addressing the Phenomenon of Overtourism in Budapest from Multiple Angles Using Unconventional Methodologies and Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, February.
    18. Miroslav D. Vujičić & James Kennell & Alastair Morrison & Viachaslau Filimonau & Ivana Štajner Papuga & Uglješa Stankov & Djordjije A. Vasiljević, 2020. "Fuzzy Modelling of Tourist Motivation: An Age-Related Model for Sustainable, Multi-Attraction, Urban Destinations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-19, October.
    19. Mihalic, Tanja, 2020. "Conceptualising overtourism: A sustainability approach," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    20. Hocine, Amine & Kouaissah, Noureddine, 2020. "XOR analytic hierarchy process and its application in the renewable energy sector," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:11:p:6394-:d:568784. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.