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Determining the Impact of High Residential Density on Indoor Environment, Energy Use, and Moisture Loads in Swedish Apartments-and Measures for Mitigation

Author

Listed:
  • Akram Abdul Hamid

    (Division of Building Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden)

  • Jenny von Platten

    (Division of Building Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 41258 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Kristina Mjörnell

    (Division of Building Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 41258 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Dennis Johansson

    (Division of Building Services, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden)

  • Hans Bagge

    (Division of Building Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden)

Abstract

Recently, there has been an increase in apartments with a large number of inhabitants, i.e., high residential density. This is partly due to a housing shortage in general but also increased migration, particularly in suburbs of major cities. This paper specifies issues that might be caused by high residential density by investigating the technical parameters influenced in Swedish apartments that are likely to have high residential density. Interviews with 11 employees at housing companies were conducted to identify issues that might be caused by high residential density. Furthermore, simulations were conducted based on extreme conditions described in the interviews to determine the impact on the energy use, indoor environmental quality, and moisture loads. In addition, the impact of measures to mitigate the identified issues was determined. Measures such as demand-controlled ventilation, increase of a constant ventilation rate, and moisture buffering are shown to reduce the risk for thermal discomfort, mold growth, and diminished indoor air quality; while still achieving a lower energy use than in a normally occupied apartment. The results of this study can be used by authorities to formulate incentives and/or recommendations for housing owners to implement measures to ensure good indoor environmental quality for all, irrespective of residential density conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Akram Abdul Hamid & Jenny von Platten & Kristina Mjörnell & Dennis Johansson & Hans Bagge, 2021. "Determining the Impact of High Residential Density on Indoor Environment, Energy Use, and Moisture Loads in Swedish Apartments-and Measures for Mitigation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-27, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:10:p:5446-:d:553701
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tyler A. Jacobson & Jasdeep S. Kler & Michael T. Hernke & Rudolf K. Braun & Keith C. Meyer & William E. Funk, 2019. "Direct human health risks of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide," Nature Sustainability, Nature, vol. 2(8), pages 691-701, August.
    2. Kristina Mjörnell & Dennis Johansson & Hans Bagge, 2019. "The Effect of High Occupancy Density on IAQ, Moisture Conditions and Energy Use in Apartments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-11, November.
    3. Anne Tervo & Jukka Hirvonen, 2020. "Solo dwellers and domestic spatial needs in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(7), pages 1194-1213, August.
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