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Urban Development Index (UDI): A Comparison between the City of Rio de Janeiro and Four Other Global Cities

Author

Listed:
  • Rafael Molinaro

    (Departamento de Construção Civil, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil)

  • Mohammad K. Najjar

    (Centro Universitário Gama e Souza (UNIGAMA), Rio de Janeiro 22621-090, Brazil)

  • Ahmed W. A. Hammad

    (Faculty of Built Environment, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia)

  • Assed Haddad

    (Programa de Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil)

  • Elaine Vazquez

    (Programa de Engenharia Urbana, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil)

Abstract

One of the methods to assess the urban development of a city is to allocate indicators that quantify its efficiency in performing various functions, such as urban mobility, security, sustainability, and economy, among others. The motivation of this work is the fact that the city of Rio de Janeiro, although widely known and admired around the world for its natural beauty, has a wide negative notoriety regarding its urban functionality. There is a critical need for investment in the city’s infrastructure in order to improve the quality of life of its population. The novelty of this work is in proposing an index that quantifies the urban functionality of the city of Rio de Janeiro and that represents urban development. The research focuses on optimizing investments in infrastructure and hence increasing the urban performance offered by the city of Rio de Janeiro. In the proposed methodology for modeling the Urban Development Index (UDI), this work presents the model structure made from a knowledge-based urban development assessment model (KBUD/AM), the determination of the indicators, the selection of the cities, the data collection from primary and secondary sources and the use of statistical techniques for data normalization and scaling. The research aims to quantify, compare and evaluate the level of urban development of Rio de Janeiro, performing benchmarking with other four global cities (Stockholm, Shanghai, Boston, and Cape Town). Cities are ranked for their UDI to make the comparison more straightforward. Based on the results, Rio de Janeiro ranks second to last among the five cities studied, with an UDI of 0.395, only slightly better than Cape Town. The results confirm that the city of Rio de Janeiro has several deficiencies, especially in the education, safety and health sectors, and is very far from most of the other developed cities. The city of Rio de Janeiro should promote investments in research and development. Finally, this work confirms that Rio de Janeiro must tackle security problems as a matter of priority.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael Molinaro & Mohammad K. Najjar & Ahmed W. A. Hammad & Assed Haddad & Elaine Vazquez, 2020. "Urban Development Index (UDI): A Comparison between the City of Rio de Janeiro and Four Other Global Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-25, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:3:p:823-:d:311983
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Assed Haddad & Ahmed Hammad & Danielle Castro & Diego Vasco & Carlos Alberto Pereira Soares, 2021. "Framework for Assessing Urban Energy Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-18, August.
    3. Ka Lin & Aisha Ayaz & Lizheng Wang, 2021. "Measuring the Feature of “The Global”: A Framework for Analyzing the Global City Ranking," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-14, April.
    4. Edvins Karnitis & Janis Bicevskis & Girts Karnitis & Maris Pukis, 2021. "Sustainable Development Model of EU Cities Compliant with UN Settings," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(22), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Asghar Abedini & Farshid Aram & Amin Khalili & Meysam Saket Hasanlouei & Hiva Asadi, 2022. "Localization of the Urban Planning Process with the Knowledge-Based Sustainable Development Approach," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-19, December.

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