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Visitor Management in World Heritage Destinations before and after Covid-19, Angkor

Author

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  • Antonio Alvarez-Sousa

    (Department of Sociology and Comunications Sciences, Group of Territorial Studies (GET), Sociology Faculty, University of Coruña, 15071 Coruña, Spain)

  • Jose Luis Paniza Prados

    (Department of Sociology, Faculty of Political Science and Sociology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain)

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to analyze the visitor-management tactics and strategies in World Heritage destinations. The Temples of Angkor (Cambodia) were selected as case studies. The analysis was carried out in two phases—before and after COVID-19. A qualitative methodology was used. Participant observation was employed for the pre-COVID-19 strategies, and recommendations of scholars and bodies responsible for tourism were the basis for the strategies proposed for the post-COVID-19 scenario. Grounded theory and the Atlas.ti qualitative analysis software were used. The results showed that the public health goal, together with its related strategies and tactics, should be added to the classic sustainability goals and the hard and soft strategies (physical, regulatory, and educational). It was also noted that new actors came into play—those responsible for public health. In conclusion, this new public health goal and its tactics will condition classic factors such as carrying capacity, and can conflict with goals such as the economic and social goals. The sustainability paradigm is maintained, but with the addition of risk society and the public health goal playing a key role.

Suggested Citation

  • Antonio Alvarez-Sousa & Jose Luis Paniza Prados, 2020. "Visitor Management in World Heritage Destinations before and after Covid-19, Angkor," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-45, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:23:p:9929-:d:452268
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wen-Qi Ruan & Yong-Quan Li & Chih-Hsing Sam Liu, 2017. "Measuring Tourism Risk Impacts on Destination Image," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Mao, Chi-Kuo & Ding, Cherng G. & Lee, Hsiu-Yu, 2010. "Post-SARS tourist arrival recovery patterns: An analysis based on a catastrophe theory," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 855-861.
    3. Giuseppe De Luca & Ahmadreza Shirvani Dastgerdi & Carlo Francini & Giovanni Liberatore, 2020. "Sustainable Cultural Heritage Planning and Management of Overtourism in Art Cities: Lessons from Atlas World Heritage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-11, May.
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    2. Huete-Alcocer, Nuria & Hernandez-Rojas, Ricardo David, 2022. "Do SARS-CoV-2 safety measures affect visitors experience of traditional gastronomy, destination image and loyalty to a World Heritage City?," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    3. Clio Kenterelidou & Fani Galatsopoulou, 2021. "Sustainable Biocultural Heritage Management and Communication: The Case of Digital Narrative for UNESCO Marine World Heritage of Outstanding Universal Value," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-32, January.
    4. Paul Juinn Bing Tan & Hui-mei Yao & Ming-Hung Hsu, 2021. "A Case Study of Tourist Perceptions and Revisit Intention Regarding Qingwan Cactus Park in Penghu, Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Dong-Shang Chang & Wei-De Wu, 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Industry: Applying TRIZ and DEMATEL to Construct a Decision-Making Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-28, July.

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