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Spatial–Temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Coupled Coordination between Urbanization and Eco-Environment: A Case Study of 13 Urban Agglomerations in China

Author

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  • Jia Wan

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
    National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Geography Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
    School of Economics, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China)

  • Liwei Zhang

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
    National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Geography Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Junping Yan

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
    National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Geography Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Xiaomeng Wang

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
    National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Geography Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Ting Wang

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
    National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Geography Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

Abstract

Urban agglomeration is the core area of not only regional economic development and urbanization but also human–land contradiction. Based on the population–economy–society–spatial model and the pressure–state–response model, this study develops an evaluation index system for the urbanization and eco-environment of 13 urban agglomerations in China. The urbanization index and eco-environment index are determined using the coefficient of variation method. The coupled coordination of the two indices is measured with the coupled coordination model, and the influence of the indicator factors is calculated with a geographical detector. The results reveal the following: (1) The urbanization indices of the 13 urban agglomerations in China increase year by year, and the spatial distribution pattern is high in the east and low in the west. (2) The eco-environment index shows an “S-shaped” variation trend, and the spatial difference between urban agglomerations gradually decreases. (3) The coupled coordination is mainly characterized as a mild imbalance, and the spatial distribution pattern is “balance in the east and imbalance in the west”. (4) The coupled coordination degree between urbanization and eco-environment is affected by many factors. Among such factors, economic urbanization, social urbanization, spatial urbanization, and eco-environment response are the main controlling factors. The impact of population urbanization, eco-environment pressure, and eco-environment state presents a gradual increase.

Suggested Citation

  • Jia Wan & Liwei Zhang & Junping Yan & Xiaomeng Wang & Ting Wang, 2020. "Spatial–Temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Coupled Coordination between Urbanization and Eco-Environment: A Case Study of 13 Urban Agglomerations in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-22, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:21:p:8821-:d:433876
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Kunjie Peng & Xiaorong He & Chunxiao Xu, 2023. "Coupling Coordination Relationship and Dynamic Response between Urbanization and Urban Resilience: Case of Yangtze River Delta," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-25, February.
    3. Jingru Huang & Jie Shen & Lu Miao, 2020. "Carbon Emissions Trading and Sustainable Development in China: Empirical Analysis Based on the Coupling Coordination Degree Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-13, December.
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    5. Wen Qu & Hao Lian & Yao Wang & Yan Ma, 2023. "Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Coupling Coordination Relationship of “Population–Environment” Development in the Xi’an Metropolitan Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-22, March.
    6. Qingshan Kong & Haiyang Kong & Silin Miao & Qin Zhang & Jiangang Shi, 2022. "Spatial Coupling Coordination Evaluation between Population Growth, Land Use and Housing Supply of Urban Agglomeration in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-18, August.
    7. Gang Lin & Jingying Fu & Dong Jiang, 2021. "Production–Living–Ecological Conflict Identification Using a Multiscale Integration Model Based on Spatial Suitability Analysis and Sustainable Development Evaluation: A Case Study of Ningbo, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-13, April.
    8. Guoping Xiong & Xin Cao & Nicholas A. S. Hamm & Tao Lin & Guoqin Zhang & Binghong Chen, 2021. "Unbalanced Development Characteristics and Driving Mechanisms of Regional Urban Spatial Form: A Case Study of Jiangsu Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-39, March.
    9. Tongning Li & Daozheng Li & Diling Liang & Simin Huang, 2022. "Coupling Coordination Degree of Ecological-Economic and Its Influencing Factors in the Counties of Yangtze River Economic Belt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-21, November.
    10. Zhe Cheng & Tianyu Zhao & Yixin Zhu & Hanshi Li, 2022. "Evaluating the Coupling Coordinated Development between Regional Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development: A Case Study of Guizhou, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.
    11. Fengting Zhang & Yang Lv & Md Nazirul Islam Sarker, 2022. "Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Development Path of Industry–University–Research Cooperation and Economic Vulnerability: Evidence from China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-19, October.
    12. Jun Tu & Shiwei Luo & Yongfeng Yang & Puyan Qin & Pengwei Qi & Qiaoqiao Li, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Evolution and the Influencing Factors of Tourism-Based Social-Ecological System Vulnerability in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-18, April.
    13. Bin Du & Ying Wang & Jiaxin He & Wai Li & Xiaohong Chen, 2021. "Spatio-Temporal Characteristics and Obstacle Factors of the Urban-Rural Integration of China’s Shrinking Cities in the Context of Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-16, April.
    14. Li Wang & Tiangui Lv & Hualin Xie & Xinmin Zhang & Yanwei Zhang & Junxing Cai & Yuanyuan Liu & Jiang Liu, 2024. "Assessing urban smart growth in China based on the sustainable development goals framework," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(8), pages 19627-19657, August.
    15. Yuqing Geng & Han Zhang, 2021. "Coordinated Interactions of Sustainable Urbanization Dimensions: Case Study in Hunan, China," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(2), pages 21582440211, April.

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