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Exploring the Relationship between Urbanization and the Eco-Environment: A Case Study of Beijing

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  • Yi Huang

    (School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
    Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
    Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
    School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA)

  • Qianqian Qiu

    (Jiangsu Province Surveying & Mapping Engineering Institute, Nanjing 210013, China)

  • Yehua Sheng

    (School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
    Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
    Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Xiangqiang Min

    (School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
    Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
    Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Yuwei Cao

    (School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
    Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
    Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China)

Abstract

Beijing is one of the most developed cities in China and has experienced a series of environmental problems. In accordance with the Major Function Zone planning, Beijing is divided into four zones in an attempt to coordinate development between urban areas and the eco-environment. Classic coupling model uses statistical data to evaluate the interactions of these two subsystems; however, it lacks the capability to express dynamic changes to land cover. Thus, we extracted land cover data from Landsat images and examined the urbanization and eco-environment level as well as the coupling coordination in Beijing and its functional zones. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) Between 2001 and 2011, both urbanization and the eco-environment level in Beijing and its functional zones grew steadily. Different zones coordinated together according to their own characteristics, and the overall coupling coordination of the city transformed from the “basically balanced” to the “superiorly balanced” stage of development. (2) After 2011, the condition of the eco-environment worsened in Beijing and in most of the function zones, while the coordination between increased urbanization and the worsened eco-environment may be a result of environmental lag. This study integrated land cover data into the coupling mode and fully utilized the advantages of spatiotemporal analysis and the coupling model. In other words, the spatiotemporal analysis explains the land cover changes visually over the research period, while the coupling model explores the interaction mechanisms between urbanization and the eco-environment. The land cover data enriches the coupling theory and provides a reference for evaluating the effectiveness of local development policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Yi Huang & Qianqian Qiu & Yehua Sheng & Xiangqiang Min & Yuwei Cao, 2019. "Exploring the Relationship between Urbanization and the Eco-Environment: A Case Study of Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:22:p:6298-:d:285220
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    1. Zhenfeng Shao & Lin Ding & Deren Li & Orhan Altan & Md. Enamul Huq & Congmin Li, 2020. "Exploring the Relationship between Urbanization and Ecological Environment Using Remote Sensing Images and Statistical Data: A Case Study in the Yangtze River Delta, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-28, July.
    2. Xiang Gao & Ke Wang & Kevin Lo & Ruiyang Wen & Xiaoting Mi & Kuanmei Liu & Xingxing Huang, 2021. "An Evaluation of Coupling Coordination between Rural Development and Water Environment in Northwestern China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Muhammad Amir Siddique & Fan Boqing & Liu Dongyun, 2023. "Modeling the Impact and Risk Assessment of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island and Thermal Comfort Level of Beijing City, China (2005–2020)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-18, March.
    4. Nadeem Ullah & Muhammad Amir Siddique & Mengyue Ding & Sara Grigoryan & Irshad Ahmad Khan & Zhihao Kang & Shangen Tsou & Tianlin Zhang & Yike Hu & Yazhuo Zhang, 2023. "The Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island: Predictive Approach Using Google Earth Engine and CA-Markov Modelling (2005–2050) of Tianjin City, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-15, February.
    5. Jia Wan & Liwei Zhang & Junping Yan & Xiaomeng Wang & Ting Wang, 2020. "Spatial–Temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Coupled Coordination between Urbanization and Eco-Environment: A Case Study of 13 Urban Agglomerations in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-22, October.

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