IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v12y2020i19p7878-d418127.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Environmental Impact Assessment of the Transportation Sector and Hybrid Vehicle Implications in Palestine

Author

Listed:
  • Fady M. A Hassouna

    (Civil Engineering Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box 7, Palestine)

  • Khaled Al-Sahili

    (Civil Engineering Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box 7, Palestine)

Abstract

During the last two decades, the development of sustainable transportation systems has been highlighted as a key element in solving environmental problems related to climate change and impacts on greenhouse gases. Globally, the transportation sector has become one of the main contributors to these environmental problems. Thus, the environmental impact assessment of this sector and the implications of new vehicle technologies have begun to be considered as first steps for any long-term future strategies in this sector. In Palestine, the lack of environmental data related to the transportation sector and the absence of studies that address the new vehicle technologies (such as hybrid vehicles) and their future implications make it difficult to set up any future strategies or plans. In this study, the current and the future environmental impacts of the transportation sector have been assessed, and the future implications of hybrid vehicles have been determined. The gross domestic product (GDP), population, and the number of vehicles for the period 1994–2018 have been used to develop an auto regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) prediction model for the future number of vehicles. Then, the total traveled kilometers and the total consumed fuels (by diesel and gasoline vehicles) have been predicted. After that, the current and future (2020 and 2030) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including CO 2 , N 2 O, and CH 4 , have been estimated. Finally, the future implications of hybrid vehicles, based on two scenarios (10% and 20% hybrid vehicles) have been estimated. The results have showed that the estimated CO 2 , N 2 O, and CH 4 emissions from the transportation sector in 2020 are 4,842,164.5, 213.8, and 445.8 tons, which are very high, and even much higher than the total national emissions of 2014 (the only officially available data). Moreover, in 2030, replacing 20% of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) by hybrid vehicles would lead to 4.66% and 13.31% reductions in CO 2 and N 2 O, respectively, as compared to 100% ICEVs, while the CH 4 emissions will increase. However, the overall CO 2 -equivalent will decrease by 5%; therefore, a more sustainable transport system will be achieved.

Suggested Citation

  • Fady M. A Hassouna & Khaled Al-Sahili, 2020. "Environmental Impact Assessment of the Transportation Sector and Hybrid Vehicle Implications in Palestine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:19:p:7878-:d:418127
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/19/7878/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/19/7878/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eric Stellwagen & Len Tashman, 2013. "ARIMA: The Models of Box and Jenkins," Foresight: The International Journal of Applied Forecasting, International Institute of Forecasters, issue 30, pages 28-33, Summer.
    2. Jianlei Lang & Shuiyuan Cheng & Ying Zhou & Beibei Zhao & Haiyan Wang & Shujing Zhang, 2013. "Energy and Environmental Implications of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(5), pages 1-23, May.
    3. Fady M. A Hassouna & Khaled Al-Sahili, 2020. "Future Energy and Environmental Implications of Electric Vehicles in Palestine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-12, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hala Aburas & Isam Shahrour, 2021. "Impact of the Mobility Restrictions in the Palestinian Territory on the Population and the Environment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Shen, Liyin & Chen, Ziwei & Dou, Xin & Xu, Xiangrui & Cao, Zeyu & Liao, Shiju, 2024. "Restricting factors for promoting electric vehicles: Evidence from China," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 234-245.
    3. Fady M. A. Hassouna, 2022. "Urban Freight Transport Electrification in Westbank, Palestine: Environmental and Economic Benefits," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-12, June.
    4. Fady M. A. Hassouna & Mahmoud Assad, 2020. "Towards a Sustainable Public Transportation: Replacing the Conventional Taxis by a Hybrid Taxi Fleet in the West Bank, Palestine," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-11, December.
    5. Hanan A. Jafar & Isam Shahrour & Hussein Mroueh, 2023. "Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Conflict Areas: Application to Palestine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, July.
    6. Xiaodong Li & Ai Ren & Qi Li, 2022. "Exploring Patterns of Transportation-Related CO 2 Emissions Using Machine Learning Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-21, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Fady M. A. Hassouna & Mahmoud Assad, 2020. "Towards a Sustainable Public Transportation: Replacing the Conventional Taxis by a Hybrid Taxi Fleet in the West Bank, Palestine," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Zhaoyang Kong & Xiucheng Dong & Zhongbing Zhou, 2015. "Seasonal Imbalances in Natural Gas Imports in Major Northeast Asian Countries: Variations, Reasons, Outlooks and Countermeasures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-22, February.
    3. Nenming Wang & Guwen Tang, 2022. "A Review on Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles Using Life Cycle Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-35, March.
    4. Yunna Wu & Meng Yang & Haobo Zhang & Kaifeng Chen & Yang Wang, 2016. "Optimal Site Selection of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Based on a Cloud Model and the PROMETHEE Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-20, March.
    5. Fady M. A. Hassouna, 2022. "Urban Freight Transport Electrification in Westbank, Palestine: Environmental and Economic Benefits," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-12, June.
    6. Batara Surya & Hamsina Hamsina & Ridwan Ridwan & Baharuddin Baharuddin & Firman Menne & Andi Tenri Fitriyah & Emil Salim Rasyidi, 2020. "The Complexity of Space Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control in the Main Corridor of Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-41, November.
    7. Ruirui Wang & Jingyu Ran & Xuesen Du & Juntian Niu & Wenjie Qi, 2016. "The Influence of Slight Protuberances in a Micro-Tube Reactor on Methane/Moist Air Catalytic Combustion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-17, May.
    8. Tian Wu & Hongmei Zhao & Xunmin Ou, 2014. "Vehicle Ownership Analysis Based on GDP per Capita in China: 1963–2050," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-23, August.
    9. Guo, Xiurui & Shen, Yaqian & Chen, Dongsheng & Zhao, Lijuan & Tian, Xiaolei, 2021. "Quantification of reduced disease burden resulting from air quality improvement by clean energy deployment in Hebei Province, China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    10. Fiamma Perez-Prada & Andres Monzon & Cristina Valdes, 2017. "Managing Traffic Flows for Cleaner Cities: The Role of Green Navigation Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-18, June.
    11. Haicheng Ling & Pierre-Yves Massé & Thibault Rihet & Frédéric Wurtz, 2023. "Realistic Nudging through ICT Pipelines to Help Improve Energy Self-Consumption for Management in Energy Communities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-24, July.
    12. Qian Zhang & Xunmin Ou & Xiaoyu Yan & Xiliang Zhang, 2017. "Electric Vehicle Market Penetration and Impacts on Energy Consumption and CO 2 Emission in the Future: Beijing Case," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-15, February.
    13. Helveston, John Paul & Liu, Yimin & Feit, Elea McDonnell & Fuchs, Erica & Klampfl, Erica & Michalek, Jeremy J., 2015. "Will subsidies drive electric vehicle adoption? Measuring consumer preferences in the U.S. and China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 96-112.
    14. Elalem, Yara Kayyali & Maier, Sebastian & Seifert, Ralf W., 2023. "A machine learning-based framework for forecasting sales of new products with short life cycles using deep neural networks," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 1874-1894.
    15. Hualong Yang & Xuefei Ma & Yuwei Xing, 2017. "Trends in CO 2 Emissions from China-Oriented International Marine Transportation Activities and Policy Implications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-17, July.
    16. Marta Borowska-Stefańska & Michał Kowalski & Paulina Kurzyk & Miroslava Mikušová & Szymon Wiśniewski, 2021. "Privileging Electric Vehicles as an Element of Promoting Sustainable Urban Mobility—Effects on the Local Transport System in a Large Metropolis in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-24, June.
    17. Hofmann, Jana & Guan, Dabo & Chalvatzis, Konstantinos & Huo, Hong, 2016. "Assessment of electrical vehicles as a successful driver for reducing CO2 emissions in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 995-1003.
    18. Fady M. A Hassouna & Khaled Al-Sahili, 2020. "Future Energy and Environmental Implications of Electric Vehicles in Palestine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-12, July.
    19. Han-Khanh Nguyen, 2020. "Combining DEA and ARIMA Models for Partner Selection in the Supply Chain of Vietnam’s Construction Industry," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-20, May.
    20. Hanan A. Jafar & Isam Shahrour & Hussein Mroueh, 2023. "Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Conflict Areas: Application to Palestine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:19:p:7878-:d:418127. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.