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Making Way for Trees? Changes in Land-Use, Habitats and Protected Areas in Great Britain under “Global Tree Restoration Potential”

Author

Listed:
  • Martin A. Wilkes

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • James Bennett

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • Sara Burbi

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • Sue Charlesworth

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • Katharina Dehnen-Schmutz

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • Francis Rayns

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • Ulrich Schmutz

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • Barbara Smith

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • Mark Tilzey

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • Liz Trenchard

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

  • Marco Van De Wiel

    (Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK)

Abstract

Numerous tree planting initiatives have been launched worldwide, based on the idea that carbon capture by trees can help to limit global warming. A recent study estimated the additional tree canopy cover that could be established given the growing conditions in every square kilometre of land on earth that is not already forested, urbanised, or used for crop production. It reported a total “tree restoration potential” of >900 million ha worldwide and identified hotspots where opportunities for tree planting initiatives may be the greatest. With the potential for an estimated 4.2 million ha of additional canopy cover, one such hotspot is Great Britain. We quantify the extent of habitats, land uses, and protected areas that would be impacted by tree planting on this scale in Great Britain and discuss the potential social–ecological trade-offs involved. Our findings show that realising the “tree restoration potential” would mean a considerable upheaval for the British landscape with 30–50% of ecologically valuable habitats lost and a reduction of 44% in the area of improved grassland. Up to 21% of land protected by law for its ecological, scientific, scenic, or cultural value would be impacted. Importantly, we demonstrate that an alternative approach based on increasing tree canopy cover by up to 20% in urban areas and on cropland could make a substantial contribution to tree planting targets, potentially offsetting losses elsewhere. Such shifts in the structure and function of the British landscape will depend on deep changes in the food system, evidence-based decisions about which existing habitats to protect, and a long-term commitment to tree planting and maintenance.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin A. Wilkes & James Bennett & Sara Burbi & Sue Charlesworth & Katharina Dehnen-Schmutz & Francis Rayns & Ulrich Schmutz & Barbara Smith & Mark Tilzey & Liz Trenchard & Marco Van De Wiel, 2020. "Making Way for Trees? Changes in Land-Use, Habitats and Protected Areas in Great Britain under “Global Tree Restoration Potential”," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-10, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:14:p:5845-:d:387254
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Simon L. Lewis & Charlotte E. Wheeler & Edward T. A. Mitchard & Alexander Koch, 2019. "Restoring natural forests is the best way to remove atmospheric carbon," Nature, Nature, vol. 568(7750), pages 25-28, April.
    2. Belén Fadrique & Selene Báez & Álvaro Duque & Agustina Malizia & Cecilia Blundo & Julieta Carilla & Oriana Osinaga-Acosta & Lucio Malizia & Miles Silman & William Farfán-Ríos & Yadvinder Malhi & Kenne, 2018. "Widespread but heterogeneous responses of Andean forests to climate change," Nature, Nature, vol. 564(7735), pages 207-212, December.
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    Cited by:

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