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The Problem of Lighting in Underground Domes, Vaults, and Tunnel-Like Structures of Antiquity; An Application to the Sustainability of Prominent Asian Heritage (India, Korea, China)

Author

Listed:
  • Francisco Salguero Andujar

    (School of Engineering, University of Huelva, Ctra, Huelva-Palos, 21071 Palos, Spain)

  • Inmaculada Rodriguez-Cunill

    (School of Architecture, Architecture, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain)

  • Jose M. Cabeza-Lainez

    (School of Architecture, Architecture, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain)

Abstract

Lighting in heritage is complex because of the forms intervening in it. The historical evolution of cultures has not been analytical and therefore, the shapes involved differ greatly from the cuboids typically found in 21st century architecture. As a vector, light inevitably attaches to surface sources. In this research, we focused on 3D curved geometries. Following a different trail to radiative transfer by virtue of detailed knowledge of the spatiality of volumes, we present new expressions, previously undefined in the literature, that are derived from a combination of surfaces that we have found in many archaeological sites around Asia. In the discussion, we start from the particularities of spherical surfaces where a normal vector has to pass through the center. By means of easy calculations, we deducted innovative laws. These in turn, allowed us to formulate several new expressions for configuration factors based on the adroit use of spherical fragments. The method easily extends to organic shapes that are often contained in the sustainable architecture of the past. The method finishes with suitable algorithms to assess the reflections in such curved forms. Finally, we implemented the results in our creative software. In this way, we enhanced the sustainable paradigms for heritage structures in Asia that we present as a conclusion of the article.

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco Salguero Andujar & Inmaculada Rodriguez-Cunill & Jose M. Cabeza-Lainez, 2019. "The Problem of Lighting in Underground Domes, Vaults, and Tunnel-Like Structures of Antiquity; An Application to the Sustainability of Prominent Asian Heritage (India, Korea, China)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-21, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:20:p:5865-:d:279134
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jose-Manuel Almodovar-Melendo & Joseph-Maria Cabeza-Lainez & Inmaculada Rodriguez-Cunill, 2018. "Lighting Features in Historical Buildings: Scientific Analysis of the Church of Saint Louis of the Frenchmen in Sevilla," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-23, September.
    2. Jose-Manuel Almodovar-Melendo & Joseph-Maria Cabeza-Lainez, 2018. "Environmental Features of Chinese Architectural Heritage: The Standardization of Form in the Pursuit of Equilibrium with Nature," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-19, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Joseph Cabeza-Lainez & Jose-Manuel Almodovar-Melendo & Inmaculada Rodríguez-Cunill, 2022. "The Search for Sustainable Architecture in Asia in the Oeuvre of Antonin Raymond: A New Attunement with Nature," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-22, August.
    2. Santiago Quesada-García & Pablo Valero-Flores & David Mendoza-Alvarez & Joseph Cabeza-Lainez, 2022. "Cognitive Accessibility in Rural Heritage: A New Proposal for the Archaeological Landscape of Castulo," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-22, September.
    3. Joseph Cabeza-Lainez, 2024. "New Geometric Theorems Derived from Integral Equations Applied to Radiative Transfer in Spherical Sectors and Circular Segments," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-33, September.
    4. Antonio Peña-García & Ferdinando Salata, 2020. "The Perspective of Total Lighting as a Key Factor to Increase the Sustainability of Strategic Activities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-8, April.
    5. Inmaculada Rodriguez-Cunill & Miguel Gutierrez-Villarrubia & Francisco Salguero-Andujar & Joseph Cabeza-Lainez, 2021. "Sustainability in Early Modern China through the Evolution of the Jesuit Accommodation Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-25, October.
    6. Lattapon Tayhuadong & Vorapat Inkarojrit, 2024. "Lighting Design for Lanna Buddhist Architecture: A Case Study of Suan Dok Temple, Chiang Mai, Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-31, August.
    7. Francisco Salguero-Andújar & Joseph-Maria Cabeza-Lainez, 2020. "New Computational Geometry Methods Applied to Solve Complex Problems of Radiative Transfer," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-25, December.

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