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Semi-Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Orange Peel Waste: Effect of Activated Carbon Addition and Alkaline Pretreatment on the Process

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  • Paolo S. Calabrò

    (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, dell’Energia, dell’Ambiente e dei Materiali, Reggio Calabria IT 89122, Italy)

  • Filippo Fazzino

    (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, dell’Energia, dell’Ambiente e dei Materiali, Reggio Calabria IT 89122, Italy)

  • Adele Folino

    (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, dell’Energia, dell’Ambiente e dei Materiali, Reggio Calabria IT 89122, Italy)

  • Emilia Paone

    (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, dell’Energia, dell’Ambiente e dei Materiali, Reggio Calabria IT 89122, Italy)

  • Dimitrios Komilis

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, GR 67100 Xanthi, Greece)

Abstract

The valorization of orange peel waste (OPW) is sought worldwide mainly via anaerobic digestion. A common problem encountered during the biological treatment is the seasonality of its production and the presence of d-Limonene. The latter is a typical anti-microbial compound. This work aims to evaluate the effect of the use of granular activated carbon (GAC) combined with alkaline pretreatment to enhance methane generation during semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of OPW. The experimental design consisted of two groups of experiments, A and B. Experiment A was designed to verify the maximum OPW loading and to assess the effect of pH and nutrients on the process. Experiment B was designed to study the effect of alkaline pretreatment alone and of alkaline pretreatment aided by biochar addition to the process. Apart from the methane yields, the d-Limonene contents were measured in all experiments. The preliminary results showed that OPW alkaline pretreatment after the addition of a moderate amount of GAC can render anaerobic digestion of OPW sustainable as long as the organic loading does not exceed 2 gVS·L −1 ·day −1 and nutrients are supplemented. The experiment in which GAC was added after alkaline pretreatment resulted in the highest methane yield and reactor stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Paolo S. Calabrò & Filippo Fazzino & Adele Folino & Emilia Paone & Dimitrios Komilis, 2019. "Semi-Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Orange Peel Waste: Effect of Activated Carbon Addition and Alkaline Pretreatment on the Process," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-11, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:12:p:3386-:d:241091
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Koppar, Abhay & Pullammanappallil, Pratap, 2013. "Anaerobic digestion of peel waste and wastewater for on site energy generation in a citrus processing facility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 62-68.
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    1. Calabrò, Paolo S. & Fazzino, Filippo & Sidari, Rossana & Zema, Demetrio Antonio, 2020. "Optimization of orange peel waste ensiling for sustainable anaerobic digestion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 849-862.
    2. Emilia Paone & Filippo Fazzino & Daniela Maria Pizzone & Antonino Scurria & Mario Pagliaro & Rosaria Ciriminna & Paolo Salvatore Calabrò, 2021. "Towards the Anchovy Biorefinery: Biogas Production from Anchovy Processing Waste after Fish Oil Extraction with Biobased Limonene," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-12, February.
    3. Chibueze G. Achi & Amro Hassanein & Stephanie Lansing, 2020. "Enhanced Biogas Production of Cassava Wastewater Using Zeolite and Biochar Additives and Manure Co-Digestion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-13, January.
    4. Rubén Agregán & José M. Lorenzo & Manoj Kumar & Mohammad Ali Shariati & Muhammad Usman Khan & Abid Sarwar & Muhammad Sultan & Maksim Rebezov & Muhammad Usman, 2022. "Anaerobic Digestion of Lignocellulose Components: Challenges and Novel Approaches," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-24, November.
    5. Adele Folino & Paolo Salvatore Calabrò & Demetrio Antonio Zema, 2020. "Effects of Ammonia Stripping and Other Physico-Chemical Pretreatments on Anaerobic Digestion of Swine Wastewater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-19, July.

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