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Synergistic Passivation of Fly Ash and TMT on Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge

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  • Dong-Fang Wang

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji’nan 250353, China)

  • Shi-He Li

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji’nan 250353, China)

  • Xian-Qing Wang

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji’nan 250353, China)

  • Ling-Xu Li

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji’nan 250353, China)

  • Xuan Zhang

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji’nan 250353, China)

Abstract

Large amounts of fly ash and sewage sludge are produced annually in China. The treatment and disposal of such byproducts have become urgent problems that need to be solved. In order to achieve the possibility of realizing land applications for sewage sludge, fly ash and trimercapto-s-triazine trisodium salt (TMT) were used as immobilizing agents, and their passivation effects on four kinds of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were evaluated. The results showed that the resulting sewage sludge met Chinese standard GB/T23486-2009. When the addition was 10–20% fly ash or 0.4–0.6% TMT, the optimum immobilization effect was obtained. The synergistic passivation of 20% fly ash +0.5% TMT was superior to that of either fly ash or TMT alone. The addition of sewage sludge during the ryegrass growth process significantly increased the plant height, the number of tillers, the chlorophyll content, and the biomass of the ryegrass over the brown soil. The adverse effect of the heavy metals on the ryegrass growth could be alleviated by the passivation effect of fly ash and TMT. The immobilization performance of the fly ash was mainly due to the formation of precipitation and the ion exchange, while that of TMT was due to chelate precipitation.

Suggested Citation

  • Dong-Fang Wang & Shi-He Li & Xian-Qing Wang & Ling-Xu Li & Xuan Zhang, 2018. "Synergistic Passivation of Fly Ash and TMT on Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:12:p:4731-:d:189889
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Krude,Torsten & Baker,Sara T. (ed.), 2018. "Development," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9781108447379, January.
    2. Xuan Zhang & Xian-qing Wang & Dong-fang Wang, 2017. "Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge during Land Application Process in China: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-19, November.
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    1. Shihe Li & Baihui Fang & Dongfang Wang & Xianqing Wang & Xiaobing Man & Xuan Zhang, 2019. "Leaching Characteristics of Heavy Metals and Plant Nutrients in the Sewage Sludge Immobilized by Composite Phosphorus-Bearing Materials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-18, December.

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