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Cultural Differences in Body Image: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Marzieh Abdoli

    (Observatory on Eating Disorders, Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 31, 81100 Caserta, Italy)

  • Marco Scotto Rosato

    (Observatory on Eating Disorders, Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 31, 81100 Caserta, Italy)

  • Avinash Desousa

    (Department of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai 400022, India)

  • Paolo Cotrufo

    (Observatory on Eating Disorders, Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 31, 81100 Caserta, Italy)

Abstract

Culture affects individuals’ perceptions and experiences of their bodies. In order to provide the most effective solutions to body image-related issues, it is necessary to understand cultures and their influences on body image in various populations. This paper focuses on the effects of culture on body image. Therefore, a systematic literature search following PRISMA guidelines was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, yielding 2064 articles published between 1990 and 2023. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 articles were selected. Our findings showed a strong influence of culture on body image, highlighting the impact of societal expectations on individuals’ mental well-being. Western cultures, with their preference for thinness, differ from non-Western ideals. The findings also showed the impact of regional variations within the same culture and society on body image. Furthermore, the study found that the young demographic, especially females, is the most vulnerable to body image issues; however, emerging research within our review also indicates a growing concern among males. This study underscores the necessity of culturally considering interventions to address body image issues, which are integral to improving mental health concerns like body dissatisfaction, eating disorders, depression, low self-esteem, and anxiety.

Suggested Citation

  • Marzieh Abdoli & Marco Scotto Rosato & Avinash Desousa & Paolo Cotrufo, 2024. "Cultural Differences in Body Image: A Systematic Review," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-23, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:13:y:2024:i:6:p:305-:d:1409400
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stefania Cella & Annarosa Cipriano & Cristina Aprea & Paolo Cotrufo, 2021. "Self-Esteem and Binge Eating among Adolescent Boys and Girls: The Role of Body Disinvestment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-12, July.
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