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Micro and Macroelements in Honey and Atmospheric Pollution (NW and Central Poland)

Author

Listed:
  • Małgorzata Gałczyńska

    (Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, PL-71-434 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Renata Gamrat

    (Department of Environmental Management, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, PL-71-434 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Mateusz Bosiacki

    (Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54 Street, PL-71-210 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Zofia Sotek

    (Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Adama Mickiewicza 16 Street, PL-70-383 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Małgorzata Stasińska

    (Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Adama Mickiewicza 16 Street, PL-70-383 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Ireneusz Ochmian

    (Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, PL-71-434 Szczecin, Poland)

Abstract

Urban vegetation is generally exposed to high levels of air pollution in airborne particles, with the greatest exposure in the EU being seen in Poland. With the continuing growth of urban populations, there is a need to confirm whether honey produced from urban areas is of similar high quality to that from rural areas. A total of 27 honey samples were collected from urban and rural apiaries and tested for the concentrations of 19 elements by ICP-OES. The results were compared with data on honey produced in old and new EU countries (metadata). Our evaluation used a novel approach to determine threshold values in the identification of the bioproduct contamination index. The analysed urban honey samples demonstrated higher concentrations of K, Sr, Ba, Ni, and Co, and lower levels of Mn and B than rural honey samples. Contamination by PM10 particles and the toxic elements contained in them proved to be a poor predictor of the content of these elements in honey, in contrast to the effect of atmospheric pollution measured during firework shows, which demonstrated higher concentrations of Ba, Pb, Ca, Cu, and Mg. The non-carcinogenic risk assessment indicated that the analysed honey samples are of good quality and are comparable or of even better quality than honey products from other EU countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Małgorzata Gałczyńska & Renata Gamrat & Mateusz Bosiacki & Zofia Sotek & Małgorzata Stasińska & Ireneusz Ochmian, 2021. "Micro and Macroelements in Honey and Atmospheric Pollution (NW and Central Poland)," Resources, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-23, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jresou:v:10:y:2021:i:8:p:86-:d:619503
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. József Popp & Anna Kiss & Judit Oláh & Domicián Máté & Attila Bai & Zoltán Lakner, 2018. "Network Analysis for the Improvement of Food Safety in the International Honey Trade," The Audit Financiar journal, Chamber of Financial Auditors of Romania, vol. 20(47), pages 1-84, February.
    2. Szilárd Bartha & Ioan Taut & Győző Goji & Ioana Andra Vlad & Florin Dinulică, 2020. "Heavy Metal Content in PolyfloralHoney and Potential Health Risk. A Case Study of Copșa Mică, Romania," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-12, February.
    3. Brian Peterson Roest, 2019. "Bees in the D : A Message of Conservation from an Urban Environment," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-5, March.
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